A Time Variant Outdoor-to-Indoor Channel Model for Mobile Radio Based Navigation Applications

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijap/volume-2015/375346/figures/375346.fig.009a.svgz" name="375346.fig.009a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>PDF of the normalized delay <svg height="12.449pt" id="M510" style="vertical-align:-3.16065pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28835 25.4386 12.449" width="25.4386pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,.515,-.222)"><path d="M490 623L468 651C434 618 405 602 360 602C327 602 300 608 259 619C204 636 179 642 146 642C101 642 46 623 0 561L22 533C59 565 94 582 139 582C175 582 196 573 232 564C277 552 312 542 349 542C396 542 452 559 490 623Z" id="g56-25"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="490" vert-adv-y="490"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M487 458L455 460C436 434 425 433 397 433C331 433 279 437 225 437C103 437 52 374 24 338L49 312C100 363 152 379 229 374C210 308 184 213 163 117C158 94 156 74 156 58C156 6 180 -12 211 -12C261 -12 313 27 348 68L332 99C307 76 285 64 267 64C252 64 236 86 250 148L301 373C320 373 344 369 364 369C399 369 435 370 450 372C458 386 470 411 487 458Z" id="g50-241"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="499" vert-adv-y="499"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.642,3.001)"><path d="M238 675C244 702 241 710 231 710C220 710 155 682 74 673L70 643H101C147 643 151 635 142 594L39 111C18 11 36 -12 55 -12C89 -12 170 38 223 103L207 129C176 98 130 68 118 68C113 68 108 72 114 102L238 675Z" id="g50-109"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="271" vert-adv-y="271"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.637,0)"><path d="M309 -142C211 -61 151 99 151 271S210 601 309 683L288 710C141 611 75 451 75 272V271C75 90 141 -72 288 -169L309 -142Z" id="g50-41"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="358" vert-adv-y="358"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.291,0)"><path d="M538 684C542 703 539 710 529 710C512 710 455 682 363 674L361 644H396C444 644 448 642 438 594L405 438C373 450 347 451 336 451C288 451 200 416 147 374C69 312 24 207 24 113C24 29 60 -12 94 -12C126 -12 156 4 196 30C231 53 296 100 346 166H348L328 81C311 10 325 -12 348 -12C380 -12 450 24 512 98L495 125C466 97 431 70 417 70C408 70 408 80 411 98L538 684ZM390 373L361 240C336 196 210 56 145 56C132 56 113 73 113 131C113 216 156 338 220 379C243 394 266 402 303 402C331 402 375 388 390 373Z" id="g50-101"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="564" vert-adv-y="564"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.623,0)"><path d="M283 271C283 451 220 610 70 710L48 683C146 603 207 443 207 271S149 -59 48 -142L70 -169C220 -67 283 90 283 271Z" id="g50-42"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="358" vert-adv-y="358"></glyph.data></g></svg> for Scenario-1</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijap/volume-2015/375346/figures/375346.fig.009b.svgz" name="375346.fig.009b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>PDF of the AoA <svg height="15.7372pt" id="M511" style="vertical-align:-3.1606pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.5766 26.0519 15.7372" width="26.0519pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,.953,-3.51)"><path d="M490 623L468 651C434 618 405 602 360 602C327 602 300 608 259 619C204 636 179 642 146 642C101 642 46 623 0 561L22 533C59 565 94 582 139 582C175 582 196 573 232 564C277 552 312 542 349 542C396 542 452 559 490 623Z" id="g56-25"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="490" vert-adv-y="490"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M482 498C482 606 448 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vert-adv-y="358"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.904,0)"><path d="M538 684C542 703 539 710 529 710C512 710 455 682 363 674L361 644H396C444 644 448 642 438 594L405 438C373 450 347 451 336 451C288 451 200 416 147 374C69 312 24 207 24 113C24 29 60 -12 94 -12C126 -12 156 4 196 30C231 53 296 100 346 166H348L328 81C311 10 325 -12 348 -12C380 -12 450 24 512 98L495 125C466 97 431 70 417 70C408 70 408 80 411 98L538 684ZM390 373L361 240C336 196 210 56 145 56C132 56 113 73 113 131C113 216 156 338 220 379C243 394 266 402 303 402C331 402 375 388 390 373Z" id="g50-101"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="564" vert-adv-y="564"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.236,0)"><path d="M283 271C283 451 220 610 70 710L48 683C146 603 207 443 207 271S149 -59 48 -142L70 -169C220 -67 283 90 283 271Z" id="g50-42"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="358" vert-adv-y="358"></glyph.data></g></svg> for Scenario-1</td></tr></table>

<div>PDFs of delay and AoA in Scenario-1.</div>

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

fig9

Figure 9

Figure 9: A Time Variant Outdoor-to-Indoor Channel Model for Mobile Radio Based Navigation Applications 