A Compact Two-Level Sequentially Rotated Circularly Polarized Antenna Array for<i> C</i>-Band Applications

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijap/volume-2015/830920/figures/830920.fig.001a.svgz" name="830920.fig.001a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Disc geometry</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijap/volume-2015/830920/figures/830920.fig.001b.svgz" name="830920.fig.001b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Mode <svg height="11.8487pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.160609pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.68809 25.6814 11.8487" width="25.6814pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M601 496C596 555 591 627 591 675H567C551 656 544 650 516 650H120C91 650 79 651 64 675H41C38 619 34 555 29 492H63C75 537 83 566 96 582C110 604 128 612 207 612H272V126C272 46 264 38 170 33V0H464V33C368 38 359 48 359 126V612H430C502 612 520 605 535 582C547 566 556 541 567 492L601 496Z" id="g58-82"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="628" vert-adv-y="628"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.086,0)"><path d="M871 0V33C783 41 780 45 777 152L768 506C765 610 771 609 860 617V650H683L453 157L228 650H59V617C150 609 154 606 146 481L132 275C124 170 117 125 112 93C105 50 84 39 27 34V0H267V34C200 39 176 48 173 93C170 130 171 172 176 256L190 540H192L414 8H438L682 554H685L689 152C689 45 686 41 604 33V0H871Z" id="g58-75"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="902" vert-adv-y="902"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.886,3.001)"><path d="M545 403C545 425 527 451 498 451C448 451 400 404 312 286L290 341C262 412 246 451 219 451C182 451 138 404 92 345L112 323C152 368 169 378 181 378C192 378 201 359 216 321L257 214C184 115 142 69 113 69C102 69 93 73 88 79S78 89 68 89C47 89 24 61 24 40C24 8 49 -12 75 -12C125 -12 175 31 271 175L312 64C330 15 357 -12 382 -12C421 -12 475 35 515 98L496 121C466 88 439 62 420 62C402 62 384 92 363 147L325 247C349 280 374 309 397 333C422 361 446 381 462 381C471 381 481 374 488 366C493 360 499 357 505 357C521 357 545 380 545 403Z" id="g50-121"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="569" vert-adv-y="569"></glyph.data></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijap/volume-2015/830920/figures/830920.fig.001c.svgz" name="830920.fig.001c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>Mode <svg height="14.0866pt" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-5.39851pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.68809 25.8458 14.0866" width="25.8458pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M601 496C596 555 591 627 591 675H567C551 656 544 650 516 650H120C91 650 79 651 64 675H41C38 619 34 555 29 492H63C75 537 83 566 96 582C110 604 128 612 207 612H272V126C272 46 264 38 170 33V0H464V33C368 38 359 48 359 126V612H430C502 612 520 605 535 582C547 566 556 541 567 492L601 496Z" id="g58-82"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="628" vert-adv-y="628"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.086,0)"><path d="M871 0V33C783 41 780 45 777 152L768 506C765 610 771 609 860 617V650H683L453 157L228 650H59V617C150 609 154 606 146 481L132 275C124 170 117 125 112 93C105 50 84 39 27 34V0H267V34C200 39 176 48 173 93C170 130 171 172 176 256L190 540H192L414 8H438L682 554H685L689 152C689 45 686 41 604 33V0H871Z" id="g58-75"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="902" vert-adv-y="902"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.886,3.001)"><path d="M563 395C563 428 543 451 519 451C500 451 480 438 472 423C468 415 465 403 470 394C477 381 482 368 482 347C482 272 386 136 342 74H340C334 163 323 257 312 337C302 410 290 451 257 451C214 451 160 385 127 338L145 310C169 341 203 373 209 373C219 373 225 369 232 325C249 215 269 62 271 -15C220 -80 135 -165 18 -231L26 -257L142 -230C254 -105 279 -74 342 13C394 85 484 211 526 286C553 334 563 365 563 395Z" id="g50-122"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g></svg></td></tr></table>

<div>Patch characteristics and pictorial representation of the degenerated modes.</div>

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: A Compact Two-Level Sequentially Rotated Circularly Polarized Antenna Array for<i> C</i>-Band Applications 

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

A Compact Two-Level Sequentially Rotated Circularly Polarized Antenna Array for C-Band Applications

Figure 1