Research Article
Design of Microstrip Antenna Arrays with Rotated Elements Using Wilkinson Power Dividers for 5 G Customer Premise Equipment Applications
Table 2
Comparison of key parameters and performance.
| | Antenna | Applied design method | Number of radiation elements | Size (mm3 ()) | Edge-to-edge distance, mm | Bandwidth (GHz) | Peak gain (dBi) | Radiation efficiency (%) | Isolation (dB) | Design complexity | Practical applications |
| | [6] | Multiple parasitic patches | 4 (2 × 2) | 160 × 160 × 3.5 (1.76 × 1.76 × 0.038) | ∼4 (∼0.044) | 3.35–3.9510-dB | 13.6 | — | >20 | Low | Scanning phased arrays |
| | [14] | Parasitic strips | 4 (2 × 2) | 6.4 × 5 × 0.1 (1.29 × 1.01 × 0.020) | ∼1.2 (∼0.24) | 57–6310-dB | 5.7 | — | — | Low | WPAN |
| | [16] | Opposite side feeding | 4 (2 × 2) | 26 × 16.5 × 0.76 (2.42 × 1.54 × 0.071) | 3.8 (0.35) | 26.75–29.610-dB | 10.35 | — | — | Low | LMDS |
| | [28] | EBG, DSG, neutral lines | 4 (2 × 2) | 46 × 46 × 1.6 (0.58 × 0.58 × 0.020) | 8.8 (0.11) | 3.1–5.510-dB | 9 | 92(max) | >20 | Low | 5 G FR1 |
| | [29] | Metasurface | 4 (2 × 2) | 100 × 100 × 38 (1.17 × 1.17 × 0.44) | 4.5 (0.053) | 3.3–3.715-dB | 7.2 | 90 | >25 | Low | 5 G base stations |
| | [30] | Dielectric cavity | 8 (2 × 4), dual pol | 101 × 170 × 14 (1.16 × 1.96 × 0.16) | 40 (0.46) | 3.2–3.915-dB | 6.8 | — | >40 | Low | 5 G, MIMO |
| | Proposed antenna | Probe-fed, parasitic element, Wilkinson power divider | 1 | 65 × 65 × 11.4 (0.74 × 0.74 × 0.13) | — | 3.23–3.9910-dB | 7.18 | 74 | — | Low | 5 G FR1 CPE | | Proposed 4-element array | 4 (2 × 2) | 115 × 115 × 11.4 (1.30 × 1.30 × 0.13) | 17.9 (0.20) | 3.0–3.9210-dB | 11 | 56 | >24 | Low | 5 G FR1 CPE | | Proposed 8-element array | 8 (2 × 4) | 115 × 215 × 11.4 (1.30 × 2.44 × 0.13) | 17.9 (0.20) | 3.0–3.9910-dB | 13.01 | 50 | >20 | Low | 5 G FR1 CPE |
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