Risk Factors of Lymph Edema in Breast Cancer Patients

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristic of patients.

Variable	Case; no. (%)	Noncase; no. (%)	OR (95% CI)	P value
Education
Illiterate/primary school	72 (58.5)	132 (46)	1.66 (1.08–2.54)	0.02
High school/university	51 (41.5)	155 (54)	1
Marital status
Single/widow/divorce	14 (11.4)	34 (11.8)	0.96 (0.49–1.85)	0.893
Married	109 (88.6)	253 (88.2)	1
Dominant limb = involve limb
Yes	72 (58.5)	178 (62)	0.87 (0.56–1.33)	0.508
No	51 (41.5)	109 (38)	1
Physical activity
Low	34 (27.6)	54 (18.8)	1.89 (0.95–3.75)	0.069
Moderate	71 (57.7)	179 (62.4)	1.19 (0.65–2.17)	0.57
High	18 (14.6)	54 (18.8)	1
Stage of disease
I	10 (8.1)	37 (12.9)	1
II	83 (67.5)	208 (72.5)	1.48 (0.7–3.1)	0.304
III/IV	30 (24.4)	42 (14.6)	2.64 (1.14–6.13)	0.024
Breast surgery
Modified radical mastectomy	83 (67.5)	197 (68.6)	0.95 (0.6–1.49)	0.817
Breast preservation	40 (32.5)	90 (31.4)	1
Radiation therapy
No	31 (25.2)	88 (30.7)	1
Yes	92 (74.8)	199 (69.3)	1.32 (0.81–2.12)	0.265
Chemotherapy
No	7 (5.7)	13 (4.5)	1
Regimen with Adriamycin	95 (77.2)	214 (74.6)	0.82 (0.31–2.13)	0.69
Regimen without Adriamycin	21 (17.1)	60 (20.9)	0.65 (0.23–1.85)	0.42
Hormone therapy
No	50 (40.7)	119 (41.5)	1
Yes	73 (59.3)	168 (58.5)	1.03 (0.67–1.59)	0.878
Co-morbid disease
No	80 (65)	216 (75.3)	1
Yes	43 (35)	71 (24.7)	1.64 (1.04–2.58)	0.035
History of Trauma/infection in affected limb
No	111 (90.2)	276 (96.2)	1
Yes	12 (9.8)	11 (3.8)	2.71 (1.16–6.33)	0.02
History of seroma
No	113 (91.9)	260 (90.6)	1
Yes	10 (8.1)	27 (9.4)	0.85 (0.4–1.81)	0.679