Diet across the Lifespan and the Association with Breast Density in Adulthood

Table 1

Studies of childhood diet and breast density.

Author, year	Study population,; 𝑛	Design	Diet/mammogram Age	Foods/nutrients of interest	Dietary assessment	Outcome	Major significant results	Adjustments
Haars, et al. 2010 [12] (also in Tables 2 and 9)	DOM-Project; 𝑛=144; (The Netherlands)	CS	2–9 y/53 y	Short-term energy restriction	Retrospective recall of 1944-45 famine ~ 40 yrs later. Exposure to hunger, cold, and weight loss.	BS, DT, NDT, PBD (mammogram; visual observation)	Severely calorically restricted versus unrestricted: NDT: 53.1 cm^2 (95% CI: 37.8–72.7) versus 77 cm^2(95% CI: 68.8–87.7)	Age at examination, parity, menopausal status, BMI
Mishra, et al. 2011 [13] (also in Tables 9 and 6)	BBC; 𝑛=792; (England)	PC	4 y/51.5 y	Dietary patterns at age 4: (1) breads and fats (2) fried potatoes and fish, (3) milk, fruit, and biscuits	1–24-hr maternal recall of child’s diet	PBD, ADT, ANDT (mammogram; Cumulus)	Null	Mammographic view, age at mammogram, BMI at 53, age at menarche, menopausal status at mammography, HT use, parity, smoking status, PA, social class, the other three dietary patterns, energy
Mishra, et al. 2008 [14]; (also in Table 3)	BBC; 𝑛=979; (England)	PC	4 y/51.5 y	Dietary Ca and vitamin D	1–24-hour maternal recall of child’s diet	PBD, ADT, ANDT (mammogram; Cumulus)	Null	Mammographic view,; age at mammogram, BMI age 53, energy, age at menarche,; parity, smoking status,; adult SES.