Research Article

Quantifying Effects of Spatial Heterogeneity of Farmlands on Bird Species Richness by Means of Similarity Index Pairwise

Table 1

Environmental parameters used to describe the farmlands in Central Italy. The spatial scale of measurement was 100 m radius around a single point count.

ParametersAbbreviationLevelDetails

AltitudealtLandscapeAltitude of the point count (m/a.s.l.)
Terrain slopesloLandscapeNo slope (less than 3 degrees): 0, slight slope (between 3 and 8 degrees): 1, mean slope (greater than 8 degrees): 2
RoadsroaLandscape Presence and type of roads (paved and unpaved)
Power linespowLandscape Number of electricity wires
UrbanurbLand-use%
ForestforLand-use%
ShrubsshrLand-use%
UncultivateduncLand-use%
BadlandbadLand-use%
GrasslandgraLand-use%
HedgerowshedLand-use%
Isolated treestreLand-use%
VineyardsvinLand-use%
OliveoliLand-use%
Cultivated totalculLand-useSum of all crop types, %
Forage ofoCrop type%
Wheat wheCrop type%
Alfalfa alfCrop type%
Hay hayCrop type%
Sunflower sunCrop type%
Coriander criCrop type%
Sugarbeet sugCrop type%
Corn corCrop type%
Garlic garCrop type%
Oats oatCrop type%
Brassica sp braCrop type%
Lettuce letCrop type%