Biodiversity and Indigenous Uses of Medicinal Plant in the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandauli District, Uttar Pradesh

Table 2

Name of medicinal plants with detailed description used by the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Serial number	Plant name	Local name	Family	Habit	Part used	Preparation	Route of administration	Ailments /uses
1	Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet (DD001)	Kanghi	Malvaceae	[Sh]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic
2	Acacia catechu Willd. (DD002)	Khadir	Caesalpiniaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice
3	Adhatoda vasica Nees. (DD003)	Adusha	Acanthaceae	[Sh]	[Lf], [Fl]	[D]	[O]	Chronic bronchitis, asthma, and antispasmodic
4	Aegle marmelos Correa. (DD004)	Bael	Rutaceae	[T]	[Rt Br], [Br]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice
5	Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. (DD005)	Mahanimba	Simaroubaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Febrifuge, laxative, hepatitis, bronchitis, constipation, and antitoxic in rat bite
6	Albizia lebbeck Benth. (DD006)	Shirisha	Caesalpiniaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Antitoxic and antiallergic
7	Aloe vera Tourn. ex Linn. (DD007)	Kumari	Liliaceae	[Sh]	[Lf]	[J], [Pt]	[O], [LA]	Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory
8	Alstonia scholaris R. Br. (DD008)^*	Sataparna	Apocynaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Febrifuge, skin diseases, purgative, tumours suppressor
9	Amaranthus spinosus Linn. (DD009)	Cholai	Amaranthaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Boils, burns, snakebite, skin diseases, laxative, eruptive fevers
10	Amorphophallus campanulatus Bl. ex Decne. (DD010)	Surana	Araceae	[H]	[Rh]	[RW], [Pw]	[O]	Laxative, digestive disorders, piles, skin disorders, and aphrodisiac
11	Andrographis paniculata Nees. (DD011)	Kalmegha	Acanthaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Fevers, malaria, amoebic dysentery, dyspepsia
12	Andropogon iwaraneusa Jones. (DD012)	Khas	Poaceae	[Gr]	[Lf], [RT]	[D]	[O]	Fever, diuretic, viral fevers
13	Aristolochia indica Linn. (DD013)	Isharmul	Aristolochiaceae	[Cl]	[Lf]	[J], [D]	[O], [LA]	Antitoxic and jaundice
14	Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. (DD014)	Katahala	Liliaceae	[T]	[Lf]	[Pt]	[LA]	Fever, boils, wounds, and skin diseases
15	Asparagus racemosus Willd. (DD015)	Shatavari	Liliaceae	[H]	[Rh]	[Pw], [D]	[O]	Diuretic, anti-inflammatory
16	Asteracantha longifolia Nees. (Hygrophila auriculata) (DD016)^*	Talmakhana	Acanthaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic
17	Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (DD017)	Neem	Meliaceae	[T]	[Lf]	[D]	[O]	Viral hepatitis
18	Bamboo manna (DD018)	Bans	Poaceae	[H]	[Lf], [St]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis, jaundice
19	Barleria prionitis Linn. (DD019)	Vajradanti	Acanthaceae	[Sh]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, hemorrhoids, cirrhosis of liver, varicose veins, and jaundice
20	Barringtonia acutangula (Linn.) Gaertn. (DD020)	Hijjala	Lecythidaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Snake bite
21	Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (DD021)	Petha	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[Fr]	[J], [RW]	[O]	Jaundice
22	Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (DD022)	Gadahpurna	Nyctaginaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic
23	Butea monosperma (Lam.) Kuntze. (DD023)	Dhak	Fabaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Enlargement of liver in hepatitis
24	Calotropis gigantea (Linn.) R. Br. ex Ait. (DD024)	Madar	Asclepiadaceae	[Sh]	[Lt], [Lf]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Hepatitis, counterirritant, laxative, and syphilitic affection
25	Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (DD025)	Madar	Asclepiadaceae	[Sh]	[Lt], [Lf]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Similar to C.  gigantea
26	Capparis decidua Edgew. (DD026)	Kair	Capparidaceae	[Sh]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Purgative and hepatitis
27	Capsicum frutescens  L. (DD027)	Mirch	Solanaceae	[Sh]	[Fr]	[Pt], [RW]	[O], [LA]	Skin itches; the fruit is used to treat discomforts and common ailments associated with pregnancy
28	Carica papaya L. (DD028)	Papita	Caricaceae	[T]	[Fr], [Lt]	[RW]	[O]	Digestant, anthelmintic, laxative, tonic, nutritive, aphrodisiac, wormicidal activity, cough, and diuretic properties
29	Cassia alata L. (DD029)	Dadmari	Fabaceae	[H]	[Lf]	[Pt]	[LA]	Ringworm and scabies, stomach-aches, laxative effect
30	Cassia fistula Linn. (DD030)	Amaltas	Caesalpiniaceae	[T]	[FrP]	[Pw]	[O]	Laxative, hepatitis
31	Cassia occidentalis Linn. (DD031)	Kasamarda	Caesalpiniaceae	[Sh]	[SD], [Lf]	[Pw]	[O]	Laxative, cough
32	Cassia tora Linn. (DD032)	Chakramarda	Caesalpiniaceae	[H]	[SD]	[Pw]	[O]	Digestive upsets
33	Cissampelos pareira Linn. (DD033)	Bichhukand	Menispermaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis, antitoxic, correcting the digestive system
34	Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f. (DD034)	Tarkari	Verbenaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory
35	Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham. (DD035)	Varuna	Capparidaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, diuretic, anti- inflammatory, and antitoxic
36	Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (DD036)	Safed musli	Hypoxidaceae	[H]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice, antibacterial, antifungal, and leucorrhoea
37	Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers. (DD037)	Doob	Poaceae	[Gr]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Ascites, general anasarca, antiviral agent, and chicken pox
38	Cyperus rotundus Linn. (DD038)^*	Motha	Cyperaceae	[Gr]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Scariosus, amoebic dysentery, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial
39	Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (DD039)	Shisham	Fabaceae	[T]	[HtW]	[D]	[O]	Chronic fevers, diuretic, antibacterial, used for repair of damage of the tissues
40	Desmodium gangeticum DC. (DD040)	Sharivan	Fabaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, antitoxic, vomiting, and diarrhoea
41	Desmodium triflorum DC. (DD041)	Teenpatti	Fabaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, diuretic, and carminative
42	Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf. (DD042)^*	Kusha	Poaceae	[Gr]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Stopping bleeding, anti-inflammatory, antitoxic, and diuretic, and correcting the tissues
43	Diospyros peregrina (Gaertn.) Gurke. (DD043)	Tendu	Ebenaceae	[T]	[Fr], [Br]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Rheumatism and ulcers
44	Dolichos biflorus Linn. (DD044)	Kulathi	Fabaceae	[Cl]	[SD]	[Pw]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice, and gall stones
45	Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk. (DD045)^*	Bhingaraja	Asteraceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Anaemia, jaundice, laxative and stimulant, diuretic, emetic, and stimulant of bone marrow
46	Eclipta prostrata Linn. (DD046)	Bhringraj	Asteraceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Anaemia, jaundice, laxative and stimulant, diuretic, emetic, and stimulant of bone marrow
47	Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (DD047)	Amala	Euphorbiaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Metabolic disorders, laxative, rejuvenation, and hepatitis
48	Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (DD048)	Safeda	Myrtaceae	[T]	[Lf], [RT]	Oil, [D]	[O], inhalation	Antiseptic, upper respiratory tract infection, skin diseases, and purgative
49	Ficus racemosa Linn. (DD049)	Gular	Moraceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis
50	Gmelina arborea Roxb. (DD050)	Gambhari	Verbenaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, antitoxic, diuretic, and healing
51	Gymnema sylvestre Schult. (DD051)	Gudmar	Asclepiadaceae;	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Rheumatism, cough, dyspnoea, ulcers, and eye pains
52	Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. (DD052)	Anantamul	Asclepiadaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice and antitoxic
53	Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (DD053)	Gurhal	Malvaceae	[Sh]	Sap, [Lf]	[D], [Pt]	[O], [LA]	Boils and sprains, asthma, wounds, and swelling
54	Holarrhena antidysenterica (Linn.) Wall. (DD054)	Indrajau	Apocynaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Antibacterial, amoebic dysentery, laxative, and jaundice
55	Indigofera tinctoria Linn. (DD055)	Neel	Fabaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Purgative, diuretic, antitoxic, used in epilepsy, nervous disorders, dysuria, hepatitis
56	Ipomoea digitata Linn. (DD056)	Vidari	Convolvulaceae	[H]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, stimulant, anti-inflammatory
57	Jasminum officinale f. affine (DD057)	Chameli	Oleaceae	[Sh]	[Lf]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Antitoxic and antibacterial
58	Jatropha curcas Linn. (DD058)	Ratanjot	Euphorbiaceae	[T]	Oil, [Lt]	Oil	[LA]	Purgative, eczema, herpes, itch, sores, bleeding wounds, piles, scabies, ringworm, and decaying teeth
59	Juniperus communis Linn. (DD059)^*	Kaiphal	Cupressaceae	[Sh]	[Fr]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Diuretic, antibacterial, gonorrhoea, dropsy, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial
60	Lawsonia inermis Linn. (DD060)	Mehndi	Lythraceae	[Sh]	[Lf][Br]	[D], [Pt]	[O], [LA]	Jaundice, epilepsy, and asthma, reducing burning, small pox, anti-inflammatory, and gonorrhoea
61	Luffa acutangula (Linn.) Roxb. (DD061)	Turai	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[Fl], [Fr]	[D], snuff	[O], nasal	Laxative, diuretic, purgative jaundice
62	Luffa cylindrica (Linn.) M. J. Roem. (DD062)	Ghiatarui	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[WP], [Fr]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, diuretic
63	Luffa echinata Roxb. (DD063)	Bindal	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[WP], [Fr]	[D]	[O]	Purgative, diuretic, and anti- inflammatory
64	Momordica charantia Linn. (DD064)	Karela	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[Fr]	[RW]	[O]	Hepatitis, laxative
65	Moringa oleifera Lam. (DD065)	Sahijana	Moringaceae	[T]	[Fr], [Br]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Anti-inflammatory, healing, diuretic, laxative, antipyretic, antirheumatic, tonic, diuretic, cholagogenic
66	Musa paradisiaca Linn. (DD066)	Kela	Musaceae	[Sh]	[Fr], [Lt]	[RW]	[O]	Laxative, used to alter secretion tumours, blocked vessels
67	Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. (DD067)	Harsingar	Oleaceae	[T]	[Lf]	[D]	[O]	Diabetes, laxative, diuretic cholagogue, jaundice
68	Oroxylum indicum Vent. (DD068)	Saunapatha	Bignoniaceae	[T]	[Br]	[D]	[O]	Amoebic dysentery, jaundice, and antibacterial
69	Physalis minima L. (DD069)	Chirpoti	Solanaceae	[H]	[RT], [Lf], [Fr]	[D]	[O]	Hypertension, diabetes, and malaria
70	Pongamia pinnata (Linn.) Pierre. (DD070)^*	Karanj	Fabaceae	[T]	[SD]	[Pw], [RW]	[O]	Herpes, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral, liver disorders extensively; it is laxative
71	Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. (DD071)^**	Bijayasar	Fabaceae	[T]	[HtW]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice, elephantiasis, leucoderma, diarrhoea, dysentery, rectalgia, cough, and greyness of hair
72	Punica granatum Linn. (DD072)^*	Anar	Punicaceae	[Sh]	[Fr]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Jaundice and vomiting
73	Raphanus sativum Linn. (DD073)	Muli	Brassicaceae	[H]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice, intestinal disorders
74	Ricinus communis Linn. (DD074)	Rendi	Euphorbiaceae	[H]	[SD], [Rt]	[D]	[O]	Jaundice, viral hepatitis
75	Rosa centifolia Linn. (DD075)	Gulab	Rosaceae	[Sh]	Buds	[D]	[O]	Antitoxic, liver disorder, hyperacidity, laxative, tonic, antitoxic, correcting the digestive system
76	Saccharum spontaneum Linn. (DD076)^*	Kasha	Poaceae	[Gr]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, bleeding disorders
77	Sida acuta Burm. f. (DD077)	Bariara	Malvaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice, and tonic
78	Sida cordifolia Linn. (DD078)	Bala	Malvaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice, and tonic
79	Sida rhombifolia Linn. (DD079)	Mahabala	Malvaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice, and tonic
80	Solanum nigrum Linn. (DD080)	Makoi	Solanaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Used in liver disorders and hydrophobia
81	Solanum surattense Burm. f. (DD081)	Choti Bhatkattaiya	Solanaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, febrifuge, anti-inflammatory
82	Solanum torvum Sw. (DD082)	Choti Bhatkattaiya	Solanaceae	[H]	[WP], [RT]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic, digestive liver, and spleen enlargement
83	Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (DD083)^*	Gorakhmundi	Asteraceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Laxative, diuretic
84	Tamarindus indica Linn. (DD084)	Email	Caesalpiniaceae	[T]	[Lf]	[D], [J]	[O]	Jaundice, anti-inflammatory
85	Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers. (DD085)	Sharpunkha	Fabaceae	[H]	[WP]	[D]	[O]	Viral hepatitis
86	Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) W. and A. (DD086)	Arjuna	Combretaceae	[T]	[Fr], [Br]	[D], [RW]	[O]	Diuretic, jaundice
87	Terminalia bellirica Roxb. (DD087)	Baheda	Combretaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[D], [Pw]	[O]	Hepatitis
88	Terminalia chebula Retz. (DD088)	Harre	Combretaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[D], [Pw]	[O]	Hepatitis
89	Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook.f. and Thoms. (DD089)	Giloy	Menispermaceae	[Cl]	[St]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis, anticancerous
90	Tribulus terrestris Linn. (DD090)	Gokhru	Zygophyllaceae	[H]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Diuretic and anti-inflammatory
91	Trichosanthes anguina Linn. (DD091)	Purwul	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis
92	Trichosanthes cordata Roxb. (DD092)	Ilaru	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Hepatitis and abdominal disorders
93	Trichosanthes cucumerina L. (DD093)	Jangali  Parvala	Cucurbitaceae	[Cl]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Antiviral, alopecia, antipyretic, and liver tonic
94	Uraria picta Desv. (DD094)^*	Shankaraja	Fabaceae	[H]	[RT]	[D]	[O]	Enhances healing, cough, cold, fevers, laxative, and diuretic
95	Vetiveria zizanioides(Linn.) Nash. (DD095)	Khus Khus	Poaceae	[Gr]	[Lf]	Oil	[O]	Perfumery, anthelmintic agent, and analgesic
96	Vitis quadrangularis (DD096)	Hathjod	Vitaceae	[Cl]	[WP]	[J]	[O]	Wound healing
97	Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. (DD097)^*	Dhataki	Lythraceae	[Sh]	[Fl], [Br]	[D]	[O]	Antitoxic
98	Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) W. and A. (DD098)	Jharber	Rhamnaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[RW]	[O]	Laxative and skin disorders
99	Ziziphus sativa (DD099)	Beri	Rhamnaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[RW]	[O]	Laxative and antipyretic
100	Zizyphus jujuba Lamk. (DD100)	Beri	Rhamnaceae	[T]	[Fr]	[RW]	[O]	Diarrhea, fever, and blood purifier

[Cl]: climber; [Gr]: grass; [H]: herb; [Sh]: shrub; [T]: tree; [Br]: bark; [Fl]: flower; [Fr]: fruit; [Lf]: leaf; [Rh]: rhizome; [RT]: root; [SD]: seed; [WP]: whole plant; [Lt]: latex; [FrP]: fruit Pulp; [Rt Br]: root bark; [HtW]: heart wood; [D]: decoction; [RW]: raw; [J]: juice; [Pt]: paste; [Pw]: powder; [LA]: local application; [O]: oral route. (The images of important plants were provided as Supplementary Material available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/394307.)
^*Least concern plant.
^**Vulnerable plant.