Signal processing is a long-established engineering field with broad applications in so different arenas such as multimedia (audio, still image, video, graphics, etc.), coding, communications, seismology, astronomy, biomedicine, artificial intelligence, econometrics, to only name some of them. Signal processing stems from cross-fertilized grounds including mathematical analysis, algebra, numerical analysis, probability, statistics, information theory, discrete mathematics, and cybernetics and computer science. Advances in signal processing have frequently been pulled by needs in specific application domains, so that they are readily incorporated to the signal processing knowledge base for convenient use in distant areas of application.

Signal and image processing is ubiquitous in modern biomedical imaging, as it provides essential techniques for image construction, enhancement, coding, storage, transmission, analysis, understanding, and visualization from any of an increasing number of different multidimensional sensing modalities. As biomedical imaging is rapidly evolving, new and more powerful signal and image processing algorithms are required to meet the challenges imposed by modern huge multidimensional multimodal biomedical data, particularly in real clinical settings.

We invite investigators to submit high-quality original research papers as well as in-depth reviews of advanced and emerging methods in signal and image processing required for novel time-varying high-dimensional structural and functional biomedical imaging modalities at scales ranging from subcellular to whole body. Cross-fertilizing ideas from other fields of application of signal and image processing are highly welcome as far as their practical relevance for biomedical imaging is clearly motivated. Papers must always address specific challenges for the biomedical imaging community and clearly demonstrate the benefit of the new proposed signal processing methods. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Compressed sensing and sparse representation
• Image reconstruction for new high-resolution microscopy
• Multidimensional vector and tensor signal processing for datasets including directional and/or flow information
• Detection, segmentation, tracking, and quantitative analysis of fluorescent probes
• Novel methods for 3D feature extraction and quantitative analysis
• Multimodal and heterogeneous data registration for multiscale structural and functional combination over time
• Algorithm benchmarking and validity assessment

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: