Amnion and Chorion Membranes: Potential Stem Cell Reservoir with Wide Applications in Periodontics

Table 1

Structure and composition of placental membranes.

Placental membrane	Layers of placental membrane	Extracellular matrix component
Amnion	(1) Epithelium monolayer/amniotic epithelium; (2) Basement membrane; (3) Compact layer; (4) Fibroblast layer; (5) Intermediate/spongy layer	Single layer of cells; Collagen types III, IV, and V, fibronectin, laminin, and nidogen; Collagen types I, III, V, and VI, fibronectin; Collagen types I, III, and VI, fibronectin, laminin, and nidogen; Collagen types I, III, and IV, proteoglycans
Chorion	(1) Reticular layer; (2) Basement membrane; (3) Trophoblasts	Collagen types I, III, IV, V, and VI, proteoglycans; Collagen type IV, fibronectin, and laminin