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International Journal of Cell Biology
Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 390238, 9 pages
doi:10.1155/2011/390238
Doxorubicin Induced Nephrotoxicity: Protective Effect of Nicotinamide
1Suleymaniye Woman Health Hospital, 34122 Istanbul, Turkey
2Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey
3Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey
4Department of Pharmacology, Meram School of Medicine, Selcuk University, 42080 Konya, Turkey
5Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University School of Medicine, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
Received 31 January 2011; Revised 25 April 2011; Accepted 16 May 2011
Academic Editor: Richard Gomer
Copyright © 2011 Sule Ayla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction. Nephrotoxicity is one of the important side effects of anthracycline antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nicotinamide (NAD), an antioxidant agent, against nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (DXR). Methods. The rats were divided into control, NAD alone, doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and DXR plus NAD (200 mg/kg, i.p.) groups. At the end of the 10th day, kidney tissues were removed for light microscopy and analysis. The level of tissues' catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) activities were determined. Results. The activities of CAT, GPx, and GSH were decreased, and Po was increased in renal tissue of doxorubicin group compared with other groups. The tissue of the doxorubicin group showed some histopathological changes such as glomerular vacuolization and degeneration, adhesion to Bowman's capsule and thickening and untidiness of tubular and glomerular capillary basement membranes. Histopathological examination showed that NAD prevented partly DXR-induced tubular and glomerular damage. Conclusions. Pretreatment with NAD protected renal tissues against DXR-induced nephrotoxicity. Preventive effects of NAD on these renal lesions may be via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action.