Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases via the ASK1 Signaling Pathway

Figure 1

Mechanisms of ROS-induced ASK1 activation. Thioredoxin (Trx), a negative regulator of ASK1, is dissociated from the N-terminal region of ASK1 in response to ROS. Subsequently, TRAF2 and TRAF6 are recruited, thereby fully activating ASK1. The ROS-induced activation of ASK1 results in its ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. USP9X negatively regulates ASK1 degradation by deubiquitination, leading to the sustained activation of ASK1. CCC: C-terminal coiled-coil domain; NCC: N-terminal coiled-coil domain.