Review Article
Altered Gene Expression, Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress: Converging Routes in Motor Neuron Degeneration
Table 2
Effects of class II HDACs (Sirtuins) on redox-related proteins.
| | Sirtuin | Target | Effect | Reference |
| | SIRT1 (nucleus and mitochondria) | FOXO3a | ↑ Transcriptional activity | [82] | | PGC-1α | ↑ Transcriptional coactivation | [83, 84] | | HIF1α | ↓ Transcriptional activity | [85] | | HIF2α | ↑ Transcriptional activity | [86] | | eNOS | ↑ Enzyme activity | [87] | | p53 | Mediates transcriptional activity, depending on SIRT1 expression level | [88, 89] | | SIRT2 (cytoplasm) | FOXO3a | ↑ Transcriptional activity | [90] | | SIRT3 (mitochondria) | HIF1α | ↓ Transcriptional activity | [91] | | SOD2 | ↑ Enzyme activity | [92, 93] | | OTC | ↑ Enzyme activity | [94] | | NDUFA9 | ↑ Enzyme activity | [95] | | GDH | ↑ Enzyme activity | [96] | | IDH2 | ↑ Enzyme activity | [97] | | SIRT4 (mitochondria) | GDH | ↓ Enzyme activity | [98] | | SIRT5 (mitochondria) | CPS1 | ↑ Enzyme activity | [99] | | SIRT6 (mitochondria) | HIF1α | ↓ Transcriptional activity | [100] | | SIRT7 (nucleoli) | p53 | Mediates transcriptional activity, depending on SIRT7 expression level | [101] |
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CPS1: carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1; eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; FOXO3a: Forkhead box O3 a; GDH: glutamate dehydrogenase; HIF1α: hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit; HIF2α: hypoxia-inducible factor 2, alpha subunit; IDH2: isocitrate dehydrogenase 2; NDUFA9: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9; OTC: ornithine transcarbamylase; PGC-1α: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; SOD2: superoxide dismutase 2.
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