Regulated Hyaluronan Synthesis by Vascular Cells

Figure 2

Schematic representation of the regulation of HA synthesis by AMPK in SMCs. Through the action of compounds such as AICAR, metformin, and resveratrol or by sensing ATP : AMP ratio or by the action of AMPK upstream kinases (AMPKK), AMPK phosphorylates HAS2 threonine 110 residue inhibiting HAS2 activity and reducing the HA production.