Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of three reactors.

V1 reactor H1 reactor H2 reactor Diameter of membrane (cm) 6.2 2.2 2.5 Area of membrane (m2) Working volume (cm3) 55 35 35 Activation energy (kcal/mole) 12.11 13.12 11.69 Turnover number (s−1) Recovery rate of phenol in 90 min (ppm/(min m2)) 13794 45263 38452 Pressure drop △ △ ○ Gravity × △ ○ Area of membrane × ○ ○ Apparatus △ ○ ○ Cost △ ○ ○ Operating difficulty △ ○ ○ Reactivity × ○ ○

○ good, △ fair, × poor.