Table 4: Hydrodynamic and thermal models for the two-fluid gas-solid flow approach.

Continuity       Gas-phase momentum                       Gas-phase stress tensor       Solid-phase momentum       Solid-phase stress tensor       Solid-phase pressure, Ogawa et al. [38]       Particle-particle restitution coefficient, Jiradilok et al. [21]       Radial distribution function, Ogawa et al. [38]       Solid-phase bulk viscosity, Lun et al. [39]       Solid-phase shear viscosity, Gidaspow [17]             Gas-solid drag, Gidaspow [17]                   Energy balance       Heat exchange, Ranz and Marshall [40]        Pr0.333