Chemical Kinetic Study of Nitrogen Oxides Formation Trends in Biodiesel Combustion

Table 3

The specifications and operating conditions of the Volvo D12C diesel engine.

Bore	131 mm
Stroke	150 mm
Squish	1.85 mm
Connecting rod	260 mm
Injector nozzle dia (∅)	0.235 mm
Engine speed	1000 rpm
Start of injection	−5.5 CAD ATDC
Injection duration	9.2 CAD
Injection mode	Main
Injected mass/stroke	60.8 × 10^−6  kg
Initial pressure	103 kPa
Initial temp	56.84°C
Included angle of spray	145 deg
Spray cone 1/2 angle	12.5 deg
Initial droplet temp	76.84°C