Catalytic Transformation of Fructose and Sucrose to HMF with Proline-Derived Ionic Liquids under Mild Conditions

<table>Response surface plot of HMF yield against reaction temperature and ProCl amount.</table>

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

Figure 5: Catalytic Transformation of Fructose and Sucrose to HMF with Proline-Derived Ionic Liquids under Mild Conditions 