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Boundary and initial conditions | Conditions settings | Parameters |
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Boundary conditions | Inlet | Outlet of the filter section: velocity inlet with the velocity set according to the HCI puffing protocol | , in equations (1), (3)–(5) |
Outlet | Inlet of the tobacco section: pressure outlet with the gauge pressure set to 0 |
Wall | Surface of the heating element: time-varying temperature based on experimentally measured data, as shown in Figure 2 | , , , and in equations (1) and (2) |
Top and bottom of the heating element: heat flux = 0 W/m2 |
Outer walls: convective heat transfer boundary condition with heat transfer coefficient = 65.25 W/(m2·K) and ambient fluid temperature = 300 K |
All walls: nonslip conditions | |
Tobacco domain | Enthalpy source terms and mass transfer source terms loaded by the UDFs | , , and in equations (1), (2), and (5) |
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Initial conditions | All domains | Initial temperature = 26.85°C | and in equations (1) and (2) |
Initial velocity = 0 | in equations (1), (3), (4), and (5) |
Initial pressure = 101325 Pa | in equations (1) and (3) |
Fluid domain | Mass fraction of air = 1 | and in equations (4) and (5) |
Tobacco domain | Water content = 11.38 wt%; Glycerol content = 16.48 wt%; Nicotine content = 1.13 wt% |
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