Research Article
Periodontal Health Status and Associated Factors: Findings of a Prenatal Oral Health Program in South Brazil
Table 3
Crude and adjusted analysis [prevalence ratio (PR)] for the association between independent variables and dental gingival bleeding in pregnant women.
| Variables
| Gingival bleeding | Crude PR (95% CI)
| value
| Adjusted PR (95% CI)
| value
| | % |
| Skin color | | | | | | | White | 165 | 82.5 | 1.00 | 0.004 | 1.00 | 0.885 | Non-white | 63 | 94.0 | 1.13 (1.04–1.24) | | 1.01 (1.92–1.08) | |
| Age (years) | | | | | | | 15–19 | 39 | 83.0 | 1.00 | | | | 20–34 | 172 | 86.0 | 1.03 (0.89–1.19) | 0.620 | | | 35–44 | 32 | 78.0 | 0.94 (0.76–1.15) | 0.564 | | |
| Education level | | | | | | | >8 years | 126 | 81.3 | 1.00 | 0.116 | 1.00 | 0.371 | ≤8 years | 117 | 88.0 | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | |
| Family income | | | | | | | ≥US$1051 | 55 | 70.5 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | | US$351–US$1050 | 105 | 91.3 | 1.30 (1.11–1.52) | 0.001 | 1.07 (0.95–1.20) | 0.259 | ≤US$350 | 80 | 87.9 | 1.25 (1.06–1.47) | 0.007 | 1.02 (0.88–1.17) | 0.771 |
| Stage of pregnancy | | | | | | | First trimester | 29 | 96.7 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | | Second trimester | 120 | 84.5 | 0.87 (0.79–0.96) | 0.007 | 0.89 (0.78 –1.01) | 0.084 | Third trimester | 94 | 81.0 | 0.83 (0.75–0.93) | 0.002 | 0.83 (0.73–0.95) | 0.008 |
| Prenatal care | | | | | | | Yes | 236 | 84.0 | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.330 | No | 6 | 100.0 | 1.19 (1.13–1.25) | | 1.13 (0.87–1.47) | |
| Frequency of tooth brushing | | | | | | | ≥3 times per day | 48 | 80.0 | 1.00 | 0.618 | | | ≤2 times per day | 164 | 83.2 | 0.97 (0.86–1.09) | | | |
| Frequency of flossing | | | | | | | ≥1 time per day | 166 | 83.8 | 1.00 | 0.705 | | | <1 time per day | 77 | 85.6 | 1.02 (0.91–1.13) | | | |
| Visible plaque | | | | | | | No | 16 | 33.3 | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | <0.001 | Yes | 206 | 95.8 | 2.87 (1.92–4.29) | | 2.79 (1.81–4.30) | |
| Caries activity | | | | | | | No | 187 | 93.0 | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.875 | Yes | 56 | 64.4 | 1.44 (1.23–1.69) | | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) | |
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