Table 3: Cable force sensitivity of the proposed smart cables with various numbers of steel wires.

Number of wires () 61 73 85 109 FBG cable force sensitivity (c: nm/kN) 2.43 × 10−3 2.03 × 10−3 1.74 × 10−3 1.36 × 10−3 BOTDA/R cable force sensitivity (c: MHz/kN) 10.1 × 10−2 8.47 × 10−2 7.27 × 10−2 5.67 × 10−2