Prolactin and Male Fertility: The Long and Short Feedback Regulation

Figure 9

(a) Spermatozoa taken from untreated rats that have not picked up the nuclear chromatin stain viewed under fluorescent microscope at 100 X magnification at 500–610 nm excitation/fluorescence emission wavelength. (b) Spermatozoa of untreated rats that have not picked up the stain viewed under phase contrast objective at 100 X magnification. (c)-(d) Spermatozoa taken from the caput epididymides of fluphenazine-treated rats that have picked up the intense yellow CMA3 nuclear chromatin stain in the GC-rich regions occupied normally by protamine. Spermatozoa were fixed in Carnoy’s fixative and stained with CMA3 dye in McIlvaine’s buffer. Staining was viewed under fluorescent microscope at 100 X magnification at 500–610 nm excitation/fluorescence emission wavelength.