Osteoprotegerin, Soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Comparison of demographic, anthropometric, biochemical parameters and sonographic findings in children, and adolescents between diabetic and control groups.
Parameters
T1DM () Mean ± SD or %
Controls () Mean ± SD or %
P value
Age (years)
12.0 (2.7)
12.1 (3.3)
0.426
Male
(53.4%)
(53.5%)
0.812
BMI (kg/m2)
20.9 (3.8)
19.6 (3.4)
0.155
SDS BMI*
69.9
70.3
0.943
HbA1c (%)
8.02 (1.52)
4.12 (0.93)
0.001
Glucose (mg/dL)
143.4 (84.1)
81.9 (10.3)
0.001
Diabetes duration (years)
5.42 (2.87)
—
—
Urea (mg/dL)
29.65 (8.17)
24.00 (4.16)
0.001
Creatinine (mg/dL)
0.70 (0.15)
0.62 (0.17)
0.134
eGFR (mL/min)
132.1 (23.1)
136.3 (14.4)
0.529
CRP (mg/dL)
0.84 (1.27)
0.46 (0.52)
0.304
Tchol (mg/dL)
160.6 (20.1)
157.4 (25.0)
0.683
TG (mg/dL)
72.00 (4.52)
57.69 (17.03)
0.060
HDL-C (mg/dL)
59.13 (10.02)
59.54 (6.97)
0.803
LDL-C (mg/dL)
90.91 (20.86)
90.46 (24.65)
0.952
ApoA1 (mg/dL)
154.8 (18.3)
149.2 (16.0)
0.279
ApoB (mg/dL)
65.33 (12.47)
64.54 (14.25)
0.856
WBC (cells/μL)
6,775 (1,592)
6,323 (1,538)
0.356
OPG (pmol/L)
2.80 (0.80)
2.66 (0.60)
0.365
sRANKL (pmol/L)
303.5 (223.77)
354.9 (259.4)
0.379
RcIMT (mm)
0.44 (0.06)
0.46 (0.05)
0.504
LcIMT (mm)
0.46 (0.05)
0.47 (0.05)
0.916
CcIMT (mm)
0.45 (0.05)
0.47 (0.05)
0.680
BMI: body mass index; eGFR: Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; Tchol: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density Lipoprotein cholesterol; ApoA1: Apolipoprotein A1; ApoB: Apolipoprotein B; WBC: white blood cells; OPG: osteoprotegerin; sRANKL: serum receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand; (R/L/C)cIMT: (right/left/combined) carotid intima-media thickness; SDS BMI: standardized BMI values: age and sex adjusted percentile.
