Clinical Study
How to Estimate Fat Mass in Overweight and Obese Subjects
Table 1
Body composition and biochemical parameters of subjects studied1.
| | F | M |
| | 74 | 29 | Age (y) | 41.6 ± 10.2 | 43.8 ± 8.1 | DXA | | | Fat tissue (kg) | 35.0 ± 6.2 | 31 ± 7.2* | Android fat (%) | 51.5 ± 5.2 | 45.1 ± 5.2* | Gynoid fat (%) | 51.5 ± 5.0 | 34.6 ± 6.1* | Android/gynoid ratio | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1* | Lean tissue (kg) | 40.5 ± 5.4 | 59.3 ± 5.3* | Anthropometry | | | BMI (kg/m2) | 29.9 ± 3.2 | 31.0 ± 3.2 | Waist (cm) | 95.6 ± 9.3 | 104.6 ± 7.2* | Hips (cm) | 109.1 ± 7.1 | 106.0 ± 6.3 | WHR | 0.88 ± 0.07 | 0.98 ± 0.03* | TSF (mm) | 28.8 ± 7.1 | 17.4 ± 5* | BSF (mm) | 19.2 ± 8.1 | 9.7 ± 5.2* | SISF (mm) | 31.0 ± 9.2 | 27.8 ± 10.1 | SSSF (mm) | 31.9 ± 8.2 | 30.8 ± 9.4 | AFA (cm2) | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | AC (cm) | 33.2 ± 3.1 | 34.2 ± 2.3 | CC (cm) | 38.6 ± 2.2 | 39.7 ± 2.2* | AMA (cm2) | 40.6 ± 11.2 | 56.2 ± 10.2* | MAC (cm) | 24.2 ± 2.3 | 28.7 ± 2.2* | Bioimpedance analysis | | | () | 554.7 ± 58.1 | 454.6 ± 50.1* | () | 57.1 ± 7.1 | 54.4 ± 7.3 | pA (°) | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 6.8 ± 0.9* | TBW (L) | 35.5 ± 3 | 49.2 ± 4.2* | ECW (L) | 16.4 ± 1.1 | 20.8 ± 2.2* | ICW (L) | 19.1 ± 2.2 | 28.4 ± 3.3* | FM-BIA (kg) | 30.5 ± 6.2 | 26.6 ± 6.3* | FMI | 11.6 ± 2.1 | 8.8 ± 2.4* | FFM-BIA (kg) | 48.3 ± 4.2 | 67.3 ± 5.3* | BCM (kg) | 24.5 ± 4.2 | 34.4 ± 7.1* | Laboratory parameters | | | CT (mg/dL) | 200.3 ± 38.2 | 212.3 ± 35.1* | HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 56.4 ± 12.1 | 43 ± 8.1 | LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 125.0 ± 30.1 | 137.3 ± 33.1 | CT/HDL ratio | 3.6 ±0.71 | 5.1 ± 1.3* | TG (mg/dL) | 94.4 ± 42.2 | 160.0 ± 103.3* | Free fatty acids (mM/L) | 0.42 ± 0.2 | 0.39 ± 0.1 | Glycerol (mM/L) | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | Glycaemia (mg/dL) | 88.6 ± 9.2 | 93.5 ± 9.0* | Insulin (IU/mL) | 9.4 ± 4.2 | 11.7 ± 5.3* | HOMA | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 2.7 ± 1.0* | QUICKI | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.02* | CRP (mg/L) | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 93.9 ± 52.1 | 57.4 ± 28.2* | Leptin (pg/mL) | 272.7 ± 163.3 | 80.3 ± 51.3* | Leptin/adiponectin ratio | 3.8 ± 3.4 | 2.3 ± 3.2* | Ghrelin (pg/mL) | 442.4 ± 260.4 | 240.3 ± 131.3* |
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Values are means ± SD.
*
. Legend: BMI: body mass index; WHR: waist hip ratio; BSF: biceps skinfold thickness; TSF: triceps skinfold thickness; SISF: suprailiac skinfold thickness; SSSF: subscapular skinfold thickness; AC: arm circumference; CC: calf circumference; AMA: arm muscle area; AFA: arm fat area; MAC: muscle arm circumference; : resistance; : reactance; pA: phase angle; TBW: total body water; ECW: extracellular water; ICW: intracellular water; FM-BIA: fat mass estimate through bioimpedance analysis; FMI: fat mass index; FFM-BIA: fat free mass estimate through bioimpedance analysis; BCM: body cell mass; CT: cholesterol total; TG: triglycerides; HOMA: homeostasis model assessment; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; CRP: C-reactive protein.
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