Evaluation of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D as a Predictor of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Carotid Total Plaque Area in Nonsmokers: The Tromsø Study

Table 2

Serum 25(OH)D (means ± SD) in quartiles of mean IMT in men and regression coefficients (𝛽) with their respective 95% confidential intervals from linear regression models. The 4th Tromsø Study, 1994-1995.

Mean IMT quartiles, mm (𝑁)	Serum 25(OH)D¶, nmol L^−1	Total calcium, mmol L^−1
Men, 𝑛=1994
<0.76 (500)	53.7±16.1	2.38±0.10
0.76–0.87 (498)	55.5±16.8	2.37±0.10
0.88–1.00 (495)	54.2±16.4	2.37±0.10
>1.00 (501)	56.0±17.2	2.36±0.11
𝑃 for trend	NS	NS
𝛽 unadjusted (95% CI)^₤	0.04 (−0.01, 0.09)	−0.03 (−0.08, 0.02)
𝛽 adjusted^† (95% CI)^₤	0.05 (0.00, 0.01)	−0.10 (−0.05, 0.03)
Women, 𝑛=2200
<0.72 (554)	51.9±18.0	2.36±0.11
0.72–0.81 (547)	50.1±17.0	2.38±0.12
0.82–0.93 (548)	50.0±16.0	2.39±0.11
>0.93 (551)	47.9±16.7	2.40±0.11
𝑃 for trend	<0.001	<0.001
𝛽 unadjusted (95% CI)^₤	−0.08 (−0.14, −0.05)	0.12 (0.08, 0.17)*
𝛽 adjusted† (95% CI)^₤	0.02 (−0.02, 0.06)	0.21 (−0.02, 0.06)

¶Adjusted for season of blood testing.
* 𝑃<0.01.
^₤Mean IMT as the dependent variable in the linear regression model.
†Adjusted for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol.