Elevated Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Is a Strong Marker of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children
Table 1
Basic characteristics of the subjects (total no. = 1308).
Boys ()
Girls ()
value*
Age (years)
11.9 ± 1.7
12.0 ± 1.8
0.330
BMI (kg/m2)
26.6 ± 2.9
26.2 ± 3.3
0.072
BMI percentile, no. (%)
0.003
85–89
55 (6.7)
25 (5.1)
90–94
191 (23.2)
79 (16.3)
>95
576 (70.1)
382 (78.6)
BF%
36.4 ± 5.6
38.0 ± 5.3
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
88.4 ± 8.3
88.0 ± 8.9
0.436
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
116 ± 14
114 ± 13
0.002
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
64 ± 7
65 ± 7
0.090
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
87.0 ± 6.9
85.4 ± 7.8
<0.001
Fasting insulin (µU/mL)
17.9 ± 11.7
19.9 ± 12.8
0.004
HOMA-IR
3.9 ± 2.7
4.3 ± 2.9
0.025
CRP (mg/dL)
0.2 ± 0.3
0.2 ± 0.4
0.918
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
176.9 ± 31.5
175.6 ± 29.8
0.479
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
123.8 ± 62.5
128.9 ± 63.4
0.155
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
54.2 ± 12.4
53.0 ± 12.1
0.089
AST (U/L)
34.0 ± 18.1
26.4 ± 10.0
<0.001
ALT (U/L)
47.6 ± 47.5
30.9 ± 20.5
<0.001
GGT (U/L)
28.1 ± 13.8
22.4 ± 8.0
<0.001
Tanner stage, no. (%)
<0.001
1
339 (41.75)
15 (3.13)
2
196 (24.14)
166 (34.58)
3
225 (27.71)
199 (41.46)
4
52 (6.40)
93 (19.38)
5
7 (1.46)
Data are presented as mean ± SD except BMI percentile and tanner stage. *by Student’s -test. BMI: body mass index; BF%: body fat percent; CRP: C-reactive protein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALT: alanine transaminase; GGT: gamma-glutamyltransferase; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.
