Changes in Serum Levels of Bone Morphogenic Protein 4 and Inflammatory Cytokines after Bariatric Surgery in Severely Obese Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of study subjects.

𝑁	57
Age, years	43.5±10.1
Sex, men/women	19/38
DM duration, years	5.3±4.0
HbA1C, %	8.6±1.6
BMI, kg/m^2	34.2±4.1
Body weight, kg	92.6±16.4
Subcutaneous fat area, cm^2	344.0±119.2
Visceral fat area, cm^2	182.7±55.8
Fasting C-peptide, ng/mL	6.9±4.4
Stimulated C-peptide, ng/mL	9.3±6.3
Treatment, 𝑛 (%)
Oral hypoglycemic agents	35 (61%)
Insulin	22 (39%)