|
| Studies | Patients | PEI prevalence | Factors associated with PEI | Strengths | Limitations |
|
Hardt et al. 2003 [16]
(cross-sectional study) | 697 | Elastase < 200 = 35.9%
Elastase < 100 = 19.9% | (i) Association with diabetes duration, early onset, and insulin usage
(ii) No association with age and sex | (i) Large cohort of patients
(ii) Inclusion and exclusion criteria well designed | (i) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients
(ii) Risk factors subgroup analysis not performed in DI and DII patients |
|
Ewald et al. 2007 [17]
(cross-sectional study) | 546 | Elastase < 100 = 21.1% | Not investigated | (i) Prospective evaluation of three months of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy
(ii) Well designed study
(iii) Large cohort of patients | (i) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(ii) Risk factors analysis for PEI occurrence not performed |
|
Rathmann et al. 2001 [18]
(cross-sectional study) | 544 | Elastase < 200 = 30.3%
Elastase < 100 = 11.9% | (i) Association with low BMI and elevated HbA1c
(ii) No association with diabetes duration, insulin usage, age, sex, and smoke or alcohol usage | (i) Extensive analysis of risk factors and clinical features of patients
(ii) Specifically performed on type II diabetes patients
(iii) Large cohort of patients | (i) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients |
|
Larger et al. 2012 [10]
(cross-sectional study) | 472 | Elastase < 200 = 20%
Elastase < 100 = 12% | (i) Association with low BMI and insulin usage
(ii) No association with diabetes duration and elevated HbA1c | (i) Large cohort of patients
(ii) Risk factors subgroup analysis performed | (i) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients
(ii) Patients with type III diabetes included
(iii) Inclusion and exclusion criteria not well specified |
|
Vujasinovic et al. 2013 [13]
(cross-sectional study) | 100 | Elastase < 200 = 5%
Elastase < 100 = 3% | (i) No association with diabetes duration | (i) Extensive analysis on PEI-related clinical symptoms
(ii) MRI with MRCP performed in all diabetic patients with PEI | (i) Small number of patients
(ii) Enrollment criteria not well-defined
(iii) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(iv) Poor risk factors analysis |
|
Hardt et al. 2000 [15]
(cross-sectional study) | 83 | Elastase < 200 = 46%
Elastase < 100 = 16.9% | (i) Association with GI symptoms
(ii) No association with diabetes duration and alcohol usage | | (i) Very small number of patients
(ii) Enrollment criteria not well-defined
(iii) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(iv) No subgroup analysis performed for DI and DII |
|
Mancilla A et al. 2006 [19]
(cross-sectional study) | 70 | Elastase < 200 = 33%
Elastase < 100 = 19% | (i) Association with diabetes duration
(ii) No association with age, sex, elevated HbA1c, and insulin usage | (i) Specifically performed on DII patients | (i) Small number of patients
(ii) Enrollment criteria not well-defined
(iii) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(iv) Risk factors not well analyzed
(v) Article available only in Spanish |
|
Nunes et al. 2003 [20]
(cross-sectional study) | 42 | Elastase < 200 = 36%
Elastase < 100 = 22% | (i) No association with diabetes duration and insulin usage | (i) Case-control study
(ii) Patients with PEI underwent US
(iii) Specifically performed on DII patients | (i) Small number of patients
(ii) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(iii) Risk factors analysis not extensively performed |
|
Yilmaztepe et al. 2005 [21]
(cross-sectional study) | 32 | Elastase < 200 = 28.1%
Elastase < 100 = 3.1% | (i) No association with diabetes duration, sex, elevated HbA1c, alcohol usage, and elevated BMI | (i) Specifically performed on DII patients
(ii) Case-control study | (i) Small number of patients
(ii) Cross-sectional study without prospective evaluation of patients defined
(iii) Risk factors analysis not well-defined |
|
