Evidence of Insulin Resistance and Other Metabolic Alterations in Boys with Duchenne or Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Table 2

Characteristics and metabolic variables according to nutritional status in DMD/BMD patients from 4 to 18 years of age^a.

	Underweight	Normal	Overweight/obese
	( = 12)	( = 39)	( = 15)
Age (years)	9.2 (4.9, 17.8)	8.9 (4.6, 17.1)	8.5 (6.2, 15.0)
Height (mts)	1.21 (0.97, 1.64)	1.26 (1.0, 1.75)	1.23 (1.15, 1.75)
Percentile of BMI	0.63 (0.0, 5.34)^*	46.37 (6.54, 81.38)	93.2 (86.35, 99.74)^*
Body weight (kg)	19.3 (12.4, 28.1)^*	24.3 (14.8, 59.3)	34.7 (24.7, 79.4)^*
BMI (kg/m^2)	13.3 (10.4, 14.1)^*	16.0 (13.9, 22.9)	21.3 (18.5, 29.5)^*
Lean body mass (kg)	15.44 (10.69, 22.7)	16.97 (12.22, 34.07)	19.24 (13.76, 34.99)^*
Body fat mass (%)	13.8 (7.6, 26.2)^*	23.6 (10.3, 57.0)	39.6 (27.6, 60.0)^*
Body fat mass (kg)	2.6 (0.88, 5.42)^*	6.16 (1.58, 30.74)	13.14 (8.85, 46.08)^*
Glucose (mg/dL)	90.08 (77.43, 104.4)	91.88 (75.67, 104.5)	97.29 (75.67, 135.12)^*
Insulin (U/mL)	9.4 (5.2, 23.9)	11.0 (5.9, 43.5)	23.7 (9.4, 59.9)^*
HOMA-IR	2.08 (1.04, 6.06)	2.49 (1.04, 8.99)	5.54 (2.21, 12.91)^*
Wheelchair bound; (number of boys)	2	11	5

DMD/BMD: Duchene/Becker muscular dystrophy; BMI: body mass index; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance.
compared to normal group (ANOVA, Dunnett’s method).
^aValues are median (minimum, maximum).