Review Article
Robotic versus Open Thyroidectomy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: An Evidence-Based Review
Table 2
Summary of hypoparathyroidism in published studies.
| First author/year | RT approach | Sample size (RT versus OT) | Definition of transient hypoparathyroidism | Rates of transient hypoparathyroidism (%) (RT versus OT) | Definition of permanent hypoparathyroidism | Rates of permanent hypoparathyroidism (%) (RT versus OT) |
| Lee, 2013 [22] | TA | 62 : 66 | Drop in PTH with recovery <6 months | 38.7 : 34.8 ( = 0.56) | Drop in PTH with no recovery after 6 months | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Ryu, 2013 [23] | TA | 45 : 45 | — | NR | Not stated | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Tae, 2012 [24] | GUAB | 75 : 226 | PTH below normal limit but recovered within 6 months | 27.5 : 49.5 ( < 0.001) | PTH below normal limit and persisted for >6 months | 0 : 1.8 ( = 0.57) |
| Lee, 2012 [25] | TA | 192 : 266 | Not stated | 44.4 : 40.0 ( = 0.82) | Not stated | 0 : 3.0 ( = 0.58) |
| Kang, 2012 [26] | TA | 56 : 109 | Not stated | 48.2 : 45.9 ( = 0.77) | Not stated | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Lee, 2010 [27] | TA | 41 : 43 | Not stated | 19.2 : 15.3 ( = NS) | Not stated | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Tae, 2011 [28] | GUAB | 41 : 163 | Not stated | 20.0 : 30.1 ( = 0.39) | Not stated | 0 : 4.2 ( = 0.65) |
| Aliyev, 2013 [40] | TA | 16 : 30 | Serum Ca <8 mg/dL for ≤2 weeks | 12 : 13 ( = NS) | — | NR |
| Kim, 2011 [29] | BABA | 69 : 138 | Normalization of PTH within 6 months | 33.3 : 27.5 ( = 0.58) | Failure of normalization of PTH after 6 months | 1.4 : 2.9 ( = NS) |
| Yi, 2013 [30] | TA | 98 : 423 | Symptomatic and/or serum Ca <7.5 mg/dL for ≤6 months | 53.1 : 43.0 ( = 0.04) | Symptomatic and/or serum Ca <7.5 mg/dL for >6 months | 3.1 : 0.7 ( = 0.08) |
| Kim, 2015 [31] | BABA | 13 : 65 | Serum ionized Ca <4.0 mEq/L or symptoms requiring Ca replacement | 0 : 15.4 ( = NS) | Not stated | 0 : 1.5 ( = NS) |
| Kwak, 2015 [32] | BABA | 206 : 634 | Serum ionized Ca <4.4 mg/dL or PTH <8 pg/mL within 1 year | 15 : 14.6 ( = 0.29) | Serum ionized Ca <4.4 mg/dL or PTH <8 pg/mL persisted after 1 year and need of Ca supplement | 0.3 : 0.5 ( = 0.08) |
| Noureldine, 2013 [33] | TA | 24 : 35 | Abnormal Ca level persisted <6 months | 8.3 : 11.4 ( = 0.66) | Abnormal Ca level persisted >6 months | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Lee, 2014 [34] | TA | 60 : 56 | Not stated | 42 : 45 ( = 0.85) | — | NR |
| Tae, 2014 [35] | GUAB | 62 : 183 | Not stated | 43.5 : 37.1 ( = 0.45) | Not stated | 1.6 : 1.6 ( = 0.73) |
| Lee, 2014 [36] | TA | 43 : 51 | Not stated | 46.5 : 31.4 ( = 0.14) | — | NR |
| Kim, 2014 [37] | BABA | 123 : 392 | Low PTH within 6 months | 23.4 : 22.0 ( = 0.16) | Low PTH persisted for >6 months | 0 : 0 ( = NS) |
| Song, 2014 [38] | GUAB | 118 : 176 | Not stated | 35.7 : 55.9 ( = 0.006) | Not stated | 0 : 0.7 ( = 0.67) |
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RT, robotic thyroidectomy; OT, open thyroidectomy; TA, transaxillary approach; GUAB, gasless unilateral axillobreast approach; BABA, bilateral axillobreast approach; PTH, parathyroid hormone; Ca, calcium; , value; NS, nonsignificant; NR, not reported.
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