Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Determinants in Adults: A Sample from Community-Based Settings in the United Arab Emirates

Table 2

Predictors of vitamin D deficiency based on multiple logistic regression analysis ().

Variable	Odds ratio; (OR)	Lower limit	Upper limit	value
Age (years)
Age group 1
40–55 versus 23–39	0.849	0.269	2.685	0.7806
Age group 2
56+ versus 23–39	2.812	0.388	20.380	0.3062
Gender
Female versus male	0.444	0.141	1.400	0.1658
Nationality
Emirati versus non-Emirati	1.224	0.350	4.286	0.7515
Depression
Depressed () versus nondepressed ()	31.134	9.197	105.395	<0.0001
Diabetes type 2
Diabetes () versus no diabetes ()	24.889	7.289	84.989	<0.0001
Obesity (BMI)
BMI (25–29.99 versus 24.99 or less)	1.064	0.288	3.924	0.9262
BMI (30+ versus 24.99 or less)	6.552	1.516	28.318	0.0118
Employment
Employed versus nonemployed	3.597	0.986	13.126	0.0536

value significant at ≤0.05.