Vitamin D and Male Sexual Function: A Transversal and Longitudinal Study
Table 1
Clinical, hormonal, and sexual characteristics of the studied sample at baseline and after vitamin D replacement therapy.
Baseline
Subjects who underwent vitamin D supplementation
Total sample ()
Before therapy ()
After therapy ()
Clinical indicators
BMI
29.5 (26.1–31.3)
28 (25.7–35)
28.4 (25.4–34.9)
NS
Hypogonadism (yes) (%)
66 (57.8)
34 (82.9)
NC
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (yes) (%)
60 (52.6)
29 (70.7)
NC
Dyslipidemia (yes) (%)
53 (46.4)
18 (43.9)
NC
Hypertension (yes) (%)
51 (44.7)
16 (39)
NC
Smoking habit (yes) (%)
68 (59.6)
34 (82.9)
NC
Biochemical indicators
FSH (IU/L)
13.6 ± 0.71
15.1 (9.3–22.9)
15.5 (9.3–20.7)
NS
LH (IU/L)
12.1 (5.7–15.6)
14.4 (11–16.7)
10.9 (8.8–16.4)
NS
Total testosterone (ng/mL)
2.95 (2.77–4.60)
2.78 (2.27–2.95)
3.21 (2.64–3.41)
<0.001
Free testosterone (pg/mL)
59.4 (54.2–101)
53.5 (44.3–59.3)
63.6 (53–71.3)
<0.001
SHBG (nmol/L)
31.2 (29.3–32.6)
32.2 (28.3–34.3)
29.8 (25.3–35.7)
NS
Estradiol (pg/mL)
11.8 (7.8–29.4)
7.7 (5.5–11.6)
8.1 (6.4–11.1)
NS
Creatinine (mg/dL)
0.53 (0.48–0.56)
0.53 (0.48–0.54)
0.54 (0.44–0.66)
NS
25(OH) vitamin D (ng/mL)
31 ± 0.59
24 ± 0.62
38.6 ± 0.89
<0.001
PTH (pg/mL)
55.7 (49.3–60.5)
62.9 (59.9–75.5)
39.3 (29.9–49.6)
<0.001
Albumin (g/dL)
4.47 ± 0.019
4.44 ± 0.03
4.43 ± 0.047
NS
Calcemia (mg/dL)
9.33 ± 0.020
9.30 ± 0.03
9.18 ± 0.069
NS
Functional indicators
Erectile function
18 (11–21)
10 (8–13)
11 (9–13.5)
<0.001
Orgasmic function
7 (6–8)
5 (4–6)
5 (4–6)
NS
Sexual desire
7 (5–8)
4 (4–5.5)
5 (4–6)
NS
Intercourse satisfaction
8 (7–13)
6 (6-7)
6 (6-7)
NS
Overall satisfaction
4 (3–8)
3 (3-4)
3 (3-4)
NS
IIEF total
44 (32–58)
29 (25–35.5)
30 (25.5–36)
NS
Continuous variables are presented as mean and standard error of the mean if normally distributed or as median and interquartile range if not normally distributed. Comparison of the values before and after therapy. These data are normally distributed but, in order to present the variable homogeneously, they are expressed as median and interquartile range. BMI: body mass index; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; SHBG: sexual hormone-binding globulin; PTH: parathyroid hormone; IIEF: International Index of Erectile Function; NC: noncomputable; NS: not significant.
