Susceptible and Prognostic Genetic Factors Associated with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Figure 2

Five main genes (in blue circles) associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: JUN, PPARG, LEP, SERPINE1, and APOE and their relationship with defense response, inflammatory response, glucose, and lipid metabolism pathways (in green-coloured cages) are represented in the figure. Additional genes involved with DPN in relation to abovementioned metabolic pathways are indicated in purple-coloured cages. ADIPOQ = adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing; IRS2 = insulin receptor substrate 2; ACSL1 = acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1; PLIN = lipid storage droplet 2-like; CD36 = CD36 molecule; PNPLA3 = patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3; SCD = stearoyl-CoA desaturase; BDKRB2 = bradykinin receptor B2; ADORA3 = adenosine A3 receptor; SOX9 = sex determining region Y-box 9; TXN = thioredoxin; CDKN2C = cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C; GSTM3 = glutathione S-transferase mu 3; PTH1R = parathyroid hormone 1 receptor; CKB = creatine kinase B; AOC1 = amine oxidase, copper containing 1; AOC3 = amine oxidase, copper containing 3; TIMP1 = TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1; PTN = pleiotrophin.