Ecological Gradients Influencing Waterbird Communities in Black Water Lakes in the Anavilhanas Archipelago, Central Amazonia

Figure 7

Partial residual plots showing the relationships from multiple linear models of aquatic bird quantitative community composition (left graphs) and qualitative community composition (right graphs). The figures show only the relationships that were significant in the multiple regression model, that is, between bird community composition (represented by score values of NMDS-axes) and lake physical properties (water depth, water transparency), lake isolation (distance to river margins), and habitat richness. Sample size is 45 lakes. Some numbers in the axes are negative because the partial regression represents the deviation of the expected results if all the other independent variables are kept in their observed means (see also Section 3). The results are from the analysis in the Table 1.