The Roles of Alkyl Branches of Ionic Liquid in the Corrosion Resistance of Pb/Sb/Sn Grids Alloy in Lead-Acid Battery

Table 2

Impedance parameters obtained by the FRA4.9 software. Simulated results for as-cast Pb 1.6 wt% Sb alloy in a 4.0 M H₂SO₄ solution with and without 15 μg·L⁻¹ ILs at 25°C.

Parameters	Without IL	15𝜇g⋅L^−1 HAHS	15𝜇g⋅L^−1 THAHS	15𝜇g⋅L^−1MCHAHS	15𝜇g⋅L^−1 BCHAHS
𝑅el (Ω⋅cm^−2)	1.443 (±0.02)	1.418 (±0.02)	1.447 (±0.03)	1.400 (±0.03)	1.410 (±0.02)
𝑄1 (mF⋅cm−2)	2.056 (±0.09)	2.058 (±0.09)	6.338 (±0.21)	5.002(±0.22)	4.800 (±0.17)
𝑁	0.8759 (±0.005)	0.8617 (±0.005)	0.8470 (±0.005)	0.8392 (±0.005)	0.8307 (±0.005)
𝑅𝑡 (Ω⋅cm^−2)	178.7 (±4)	133.9 (±3)	204.1 (±4)	281.3 (±7)	307.4 (±8)
𝑊 (±5%)	0.0313	0.0497	0.0392	0.0283	0.0265