|
| Species | Family | Density (individuals ha−1) | Frequency (%) | Abundance | IVI |
|
| Trees |
| Acacia auriculiformis Cunn. ex Benth. | Mimosaceae | 1.06 | 0.66 | 2 | 1.76 |
| Adenanthera pavonina L. | Mimosaceae | 2.38 | 2.11 | 1 | 0.94 |
| Aegle marmelos Corr. | Rutaceae | 2.64 | 2.51 | 1 | 1.00 |
| Ailanthus grandis Prain | Simaroubaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.87 |
| Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. | Mimosaceae | 2.11 | 1.32 | 2 | 2.30 |
| Albizia lucida (Roxb.) Benth. | Mimosaceae | 7.53 | 5.28 | 1 | 1.68 |
| Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. | Mimosaceae | 0.66 | 0.66 | 1 | 0.68 |
| Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. | Apocynaceae | 15.85 | 11.89 | 1 | 2.90 |
| Amoora wallichii King | Meliaceae | 0.66 | 0.53 | 1 | 0.42 |
| Anacardium occidentale L. | Anacardiaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 0.71 |
| Annona reticulata L. | Annonaceae | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1 | 0.39 |
| Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.) Rich. ex Walp. | Rubiaceae | 5.81 | 4.49 | 1 | 2.22 |
| Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaert. | Euphorbiaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 1 | 0.21 |
| Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. | Thymelaeaceae | 1442.67 | 98.02 | 15 | 49.50 |
|
Arabongali* | | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 0.21 |
| Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco | Araucariaceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 1 | 0.32 |
| Areca catechu L. | Arecaceae | 554.29 | 74.37 | 7 | 24.94 |
| Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. | Moraceae | 2.25 | 1.59 | 1 | 1.46 |
| Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. | Moraceae | 34.87 | 24.57 | 1 | 5.49 |
| Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. | Moraceae | 3.04 | 2.77 | 1 | 1.83 |
| Averrhoa carambola L. | Averrhoaceae | 4.49 | 4.23 | 1 | 1.19 |
| Azadirachta indica Juss. | Meliaceae | 1.19 | 1.19 | 1 | 0.43 |
| Baccaurea sapida (Roxb.) Mull. Arg. | Euphorbiaceae | 1.32 | 1.19 | 1 | 0.36 |
| Bambusa balcooa Roxb. | Poaceae | 214.93 | 3.04 | 71 | 5.53 |
| Bambusa nutans G. C. Wall. ex Munro | Poaceae | 2.25 | 0.13 | 17 | 0.07 |
| Bambusa pallida Munro. | Poaceae | 1157.60 | 11.23 | 103 | 28.96 |
| Bambusa tulda Roxb. | Poaceae | 50.99 | 0.53 | 97 | 1.28 |
| Bauhinia purpurea L. | Caesalpiniaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 0.46 |
| Beilschmiedia brandisii Hook. f. | Lauraceae | 1.45 | 0.79 | 2 | 0.48 |
| Bixa orellana L. | Bixaceae | 2.38 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.54 |
| Bombax ceiba L. | Malvaceae | 3.83 | 3.43 | 1 | 1.75 |
| Borassus flabellifer L. | Arecaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 1.74 |
| Bridelia retusa (L.) A. Juss. | Euphorbiaceae | 0.66 | 0.40 | 2 | 0.66 |
| Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taubert | Papilionaceae | 0.40 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.95 |
| Callistemon lanceolatus D.C. | Myrtaceae | 0.53 | 0.40 | 1 | 0.29 |
| Canarium strictum Roxb. | Burseraceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 1 | 1.07 |
| Carallia lucida Roxb. ex Kurz. | Rhizophoraceae | 1.72 | 1.59 | 1 | 0.52 |
| Carica papaya L. | Caricaceae | 34.48 | 18.63 | 2 | 3.95 |
| Caryota urens L. | Arecaceae | 1.98 | 1.59 | 1 | 1.13 |
| Cassia fistula L. | Caesalpiniaceae | 12.15 | 7.79 | 2 | 2.04 |
| Cassia siamea Lam. | Caesalpiniaceae | 1.85 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.86 |
| Castanopsis indica (Roxb. ex Lindl.) A. D.C. | Fagaceae | 1.19 | 0.66 | 2 | 0.44 |
| Chukrasia tabularis Juss. | Meliaceae | 1.06 | 0.79 | 1 | 0.92 |
| Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Wall.) Meisn. | Lauraceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 1.10 |
| Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) Nees and Eberm. | Lauraceae | 5.28 | 4.36 | 1 | 1.05 |
| Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f. | Rutaceae | 7.79 | 4.76 | 2 | 0.97 |
| Citrus maxima (Merr.) | Rutaceae | 10.44 | 9.25 | 1 | 1.91 |
| Citrus medica L. | Rutaceae | 0.92 | 0.53 | 2 | 0.13 |
| Citrus reticulata Blanco. | Rutaceae | 7.13 | 4.76 | 2 | 0.97 |
| Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck | Rutaceae | 1.06 | 0.66 | 2 | 0.18 |
| Citrus sp. | Rutaceae | 2.38 | 1.85 | 1 | 0.38 |
| Cocos nucifera L. | Arecaceae | 25.76 | 17.83 | 1 | 4.38 |
| Cordia grandis Roxb. | Boraginaceae | 2.64 | 2.11 | 1 | 0.82 |
| Crataeva nurvala Ham. | Capparidaceae | 1.32 | 1.19 | 1 | 0.53 |
| Dalhousiea bracteata (Roxb.) Baker | Papilionaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.30 |
| Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf. | Caesalpinaceae | 2.38 | 1.85 | 1 | 0.87 |
| Dillenia indica L. | Dilleniaceae | 0.66 | 0.66 | 1 | 3.00 |
| Diospyros embryopteris Pers. | Ebenaceae | 0.53 | 0.40 | 1 | 1.24 |
| Dysoxylum binectariferum (Roxb.) Hook. f. ex Bedd. | Meliaceae | 2.64 | 1.98 | 1 | 1.08 |
| Ehretia acuminata R.Br. | Boraginaceae | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1 | 0.71 |
| Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume. | Elaeocarpaceae | 5.55 | 5.02 | 1 | 1.56 |
| Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. | Elaeocarpaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 1.29 |
| Erythrina stricta Roxb. | Papilionaceae | 2.51 | 1.59 | 2 | 0.67 |
| Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. | Myrtaceae | 0.79 | 0.79 | 1 | 0.95 |
| Eugenia fruticosa Roxb. | Myrtaceae | 1.59 | 1.32 | 1 | 0.57 |
| Eugenia jambolana Lam. | Myrtaceae | 5.55 | 4.49 | 1 | 1.39 |
| Eugenia jambolana Lam. var. caryophyllifolia Duthie. | Myrtaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 1 | 0.63 |
| Eugenia jambos L. | Myrtaceae | 3.04 | 2.91 | 1 | 0.73 |
| Evodia meliaefolia Benth. | Rutaceae | 2.77 | 2.38 | 1 | 1.13 |
| Ficus benghalensis L. | Moraceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 9.66 |
| Ficus cyrtophylla | Moraceae | 0.53 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.03 |
| Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Blume | Moraceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 2 | 9.66 |
| Ficus hirta Vahl. | Moraceae | 1.06 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.04 |
| Ficus hispida L. | Moraceae | 5.28 | 3.96 | 25 | 0.89 |
| Ficus racemosa L. | Moraceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.39 |
| Ficus religiosa L. | Moraceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 4 | 6.56 |
| Garcinia lanceaefolia Roxb. | Clusiaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 1 | 0.43 |
| Garcinia morella (Gaertn.) Desr. | Clusiaceae | 1.45 | 1.06 | 7 | 0.44 |
| Garcinia paniculata Roxb. | Clusiaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.2 |
| Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. Engl. | Clusiaceae | 0.79 | 0.79 | 6 | 0.96 |
| Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex Anderson Engl. | Clusiaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.39 |
| Gmelina arborea Roxb. | Verbenaceae | 10.30 | 6.87 | 36 | 2.02 |
| Grevillea robusta Cunn. ex R.Br. | Proteaceae | 1.72 | 1.32 | 8 | 1.37 |
| Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem. | Araliaceae | 4.76 | 3.04 | 11 | 1.16 |
| Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes. | Aquifoliaceae | 1.32 | 1.19 | 8 | 0.38 |
| Lagerstroemia flos reginae Retz. | Lythraceae | 6.08 | 4.89 | 24 | 1.53 |
| Litchi chinensis Sonn. | Sapindaceae | 6.34 | 5.55 | 36 | 1.43 |
| Litsea elongata Wall. | Lauraceae | 0.79 | 0.53 | 3 | 0.32 |
| Litsea monopetala (Roxb.) Pers. | Lauraceae | 10.30 | 8.19 | 45 | 2.01 |
| Litsea nitida Hook. f. | Lauraceae | 12.29 | 8.06 | 37 | 1.86 |
| Litsea sebifera Pers. | Lauraceae | 1.19 | 1.19 | 7 | 0.47 |
| Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. | Arecaceae | 1.72 | 1.45 | 7 | 1.2 |
| Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Mueller | Euphorbiaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.22 |
| Magnolia sphenocarpa Roxb. | Magnoliaceae | 4.76 | 3.17 | 16 | 0.99 |
| Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg. | Euphorbiaceae | 3.57 | 3.43 | 24 | 0.84 |
| Mangifera indica L. | Anacardiaceae | 62.48 | 35.80 | 115 | 7.79 |
| Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen | Sapotaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 1.07 |
| Melia azedarach L. | Meliaceae | 9.38 | 7.27 | 37 | 1.61 |
| Mesua ferrea L. | Clusiaceae | 5.15 | 3.57 | 24 | 1.01 |
| Michelia champaca L. | Magnoliaceae | 2.25 | 1.19 | 6 | 0.75 |
| Mimusops elengi L. | Sapotaceae | 0.66 | 0.66 | 5 | 1.42 |
| Moringa oleifera Lam. | Moringaceae | 4.62 | 4.10 | 29 | 1.15 |
| Morus alba L. | Moraceae | 2.25 | 1.32 | 9 | 0.56 |
| Morus laevigata Wall. | Moraceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.2 |
| Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel. | Rutaceae | 2.38 | 1.85 | 12 | 0.49 |
| Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack | Rutaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.19 |
| Musa acuminata Colla. | Musaceae | 64.33 | 12.42 | 57 | 3.64 |
| Musa balbisiana Colla. | Musaceae | 137.38 | 24.83 | 92 | 7.4 |
| Musa calosperma F. Muell. | Musaceae | 72.26 | 14.40 | 62 | 4.14 |
| Musa paradisiaca L. | Musaceae | 0.53 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.19 |
| Musa sp. | Musaceae | 12.42 | 3.04 | 17 | 0.98 |
| Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | Myricaceae | 2.64 | 1.98 | 12 | 0.7 |
| Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz. | Bignoniaceae | 5.02 | 4.36 | 24 | 1.13 |
| Pachylarnax pleiocarpa Dandy | Magnoliaceae | 0.92 | 0.79 | 5 | 0.96 |
| Persea bombycina (King ex Hook. f.) Kost. | Lauraceae | 3.04 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.86 |
| Phoebe goalparensis Hutch. | Lauraceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.19 |
| Phoenix dactylifera L. | Arecaceae | 0.53 | 0.40 | 2 | 1.04 |
| Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels. | Phyllanthaceae | 1.06 | 1.06 | 8 | 0.35 |
| Phyllanthus emblica L. | Phyllanthaceae | 5.15 | 5.02 | 31 | 1.26 |
| Plumeria rubra L. | Apocynaceae | 0.26 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.24 |
| Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. | Annonaceae | 6.87 | 2.64 | 14 | 0.76 |
| Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. | Papilionaceae | 1.72 | 1.45 | 10 | 0.71 |
| Premna bengalensis Cl. | Verbenaceae | 5.55 | 4.49 | 25 | 1.14 |
| Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. | Rosaceae | 1.59 | 1.32 | 8 | 0.46 |
| Prunus jenkinsii Hook. f. and Thoms. | Rosaceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 3 | 0.21 |
| Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. | Rosaceae | 0.92 | 0.92 | 6 | 0.31 |
| Psidium gujava L. | Myrtaceae | 16.64 | 12.42 | 63 | 2.5 |
| Pyrus communis L. | Rosaceae | 1.06 | 0.79 | 4 | 0.26 |
| Salix tetrasperma Roxb. | Salicaceae | 4.49 | 2.11 | 10 | 0.84 |
| Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. | Mimosaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 2 | 4.03 |
| Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. | Sapindaceae | 1.85 | 1.72 | 10 | 0.64 |
| Sapium baccatum Roxb. | Euphorbiaceae | 1.32 | 1.06 | 4 | 0.63 |
| Sapium eugeniaefolium Ham. | Euphorbiaceae | 0.53 | 0.53 | 4 | 0.53 |
| Schimawallichii (DC.) Korth. | Theaceae | 4.76 | 2.91 | 16 | 1.12 |
| Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. | Dipterocarpaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 2.92 |
| Spondias mangifera Wild. | Anacardiaceae | 1.19 | 0.92 | 7 | 0.54 |
| Stereospermum chelonoides DC. | Sterculiaceae | 0.92 | 0.66 | 5 | 0.38 |
| Streblus asper Lour. | Moraceae | 3.70 | 2.11 | 12 | 0.73 |
| Symplocos grandiflora Wall. | Symplocaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.22 |
| Talauma hodgsonii Hook. f. and Thomson | Magnoliaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 4.65 |
| Talauma rabaniana Hk.ef. and Th. | Magnoliaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 2 | 2.06 |
| Tamarindus indica L. | Caesalpiniaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.43 |
| Tectona grandis L. | Verbenaceae | 25.36 | 9.78 | 40 | 2.83 |
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight and Arn. | Combretaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.57 |
| Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. | Combretaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.16 |
| Terminalia catappa L. | Combretaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.89 |
| Terminalia chebula Retz. | Combretaceae | 14.66 | 12.42 | 64 | 2.95 |
| Terminalia myriocarpa Van Heurck and Muell. Arg. | Combretaceae | 0.26 | 0.26 | 2 | 0.39 |
| Toona ciliata Roem. | Meliaceae | 13.87 | 10.30 | 45 | 2.88 |
| Tricalysia singularis (Korth.) K. Schum. | Rubiaceae | 0.66 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.66 |
| Vernonia travancorica J. Hk. | Asteraceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.04 |
| Vitex negundo L. | Verbenaceae | 0.79 | 0.79 | 6 | 0.4 |
| Walsura robusta Roxb. | Meliaceae | 0.40 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.38 |
| Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. | Rutaceae | 1.19 | 1.06 | 8 | 0.71 |
| Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. | Rhamnaceae | 4.62 | 4.36 | 27 | 1.26 |
| Ziziphus sp. | Rhamnaceae | 0.13 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.42 |
|
| Shrubs |
| Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. | Mimosaceae | 7.40 | 1.72 | 1.08 | 0.41 |
| Adhatoda vasica Nees | Acanthaceae | 79.26 | 4.10 | 4.84 | 1.52 |
| Bisalyakarani* | | 5.28 | 0.13 | 10.00 | 0.07 |
| Bougainvillea spectabilis Wild. | Nyctaginaceae | 5.81 | 1.32 | 1.10 | 0.32 |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima L. | Caesalpiniaceae | 2.11 | 0.53 | 1.00 | 0.13 |
| Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. | Papilionaceae | 28.01 | 1.72 | 4.08 | 0.59 |
| Calamus tenuis Roxb. | Arecaceae | 43.33 | 2.38 | 4.56 | 0.86 |
| Callicarpa arborea Roxb. | Verbenaceae | 11.10 | 0.79 | 3.50 | 0.26 |
| Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. f. | Asclepiadaceae | 4.76 | 0.92 | 1.29 | 0.23 |
| Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze | Theaceae | 1958.78 | 21.14 | 23.17 | 21.23 |
| Capsicum annum L. | Solanaceae | 67.11 | 5.42 | 3.10 | 1.68 |
| Capsicum annum L. var. longum | Solanaceae | 86.13 | 6.74 | 3.20 | 2.12 |
| Capsicum chinense Jacq. | Solanaceae | 61.29 | 6.21 | 2.47 | 1.80 |
| Cassia alata L. | Caesalpinaceae | 11.10 | 0.92 | 3.00 | 0.28 |
| Cassia sophera L. | Caesalpinaceae | 5.28 | 0.79 | 1.67 | 0.21 |
| Cassia tora L. | Caesalpinaceae | 7.93 | 0.53 | 3.75 | 0.18 |
| Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and H.E. Robins. | Asteraceae | 528.40 | 18.23 | 7.25 | 8.28 |
| Clerodendrum colebrookianum Wall. | Verbenaceae | 33.82 | 2.51 | 3.37 | 0.80 |
| Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet | Verbenaceae | 22.72 | 1.85 | 3.07 | 0.57 |
| Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. | Verbenaceae | 984.94 | 29.59 | 8.32 | 14.54 |
| Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Juss. | Euphorbiaceae | 56.01 | 7.13 | 1.96 | 1.94 |
| Coffea benghalensis Roxb. ex Schult. | Rubiaceae | 18.49 | 1.59 | 2.92 | 0.48 |
| Dracaena steudneri Engl. | Dracaenaceae | 5.28 | 0.79 | 1.67 | 0.21 |
| Euonymus japonicus Thunb. | Celastraceae | 144.25 | 6.87 | 5.25 | 2.65 |
| Euphorbia neriifolia L. | Euphorbiaceae | 8.45 | 1.72 | 1.23 | 0.42 |
| Flacourtia cataphracta Roxb. ex Willd. | Flacourtiaceae | 11.10 | 2.38 | 1.17 | 0.58 |
| Flemingia strobilifera (L.) R. Br. | Papilionaceae | 22.19 | 2.38 | 2.33 | 0.68 |
| Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. | Rubiaceae | 41.22 | 5.94 | 1.73 | 1.57 |
| Glochidion arborescens Bl. | Euphorbiaceae | 1.06 | 0.26 | 1.00 | 0.06 |
| Gossypium arboreum L. | Malvaceae | 25.36 | 4.62 | 1.37 | 1.16 |
| Hibiscus mutabilis L. | Malvaceae | 4.23 | 0.92 | 1.14 | 0.23 |
| Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. | Malvaceae | 76.09 | 9.25 | 2.06 | 2.54 |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa L. | Malvaceae | 57.07 | 3.30 | 4.32 | 1.17 |
| Ixora javanica (Blume) DC. | Rubiaceae | 22.72 | 2.64 | 2.15 | 0.74 |
| Jasminum officinale L. | Oleaceae | 6.87 | 1.45 | 1.18 | 0.36 |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia L. | Euphorbiaceae | 5.28 | 0.79 | 1.67 | 0.21 |
| Justicia gendarussa Blanco. | Acanthaceae | 56.54 | 2.11 | 6.69 | 0.92 |
| Lawsonia inermis L. | Lawsoniaceae | 10.57 | 2.25 | 1.18 | 0.55 |
| Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. | Leeaceae | 11.62 | 1.45 | 2.00 | 0.40 |
| Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. var. drummondii (Torr. and Gray) Schery. | Malvaceae | 14.27 | 1.98 | 1.80 | 0.53 |
| Melastoma normale D. Don. | Melastomataceae | 70.81 | 4.49 | 3.94 | 1.53 |
| Mussaenda frondosa L. | Rubiaceae | 28.01 | 3.57 | 1.96 | 0.97 |
| Nerium indicum Mill. | Apocynaceae | 11.10 | 2.11 | 1.31 | 0.53 |
| Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. | Oleaceae | 26.95 | 5.68 | 1.19 | 1.39 |
| Ocimum gratissimum L. | Lamiaceae | 8.45 | 1.06 | 2.00 | 0.29 |
| Ocimum sanctum L. | Lamiaceae | 67.64 | 6.21 | 2.72 | 1.85 |
| Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus (Roxb.) Nees | Acanthaceae | 38.04 | 2.11 | 4.50 | 0.76 |
| Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm. f.) O. Kuntze | Lamiaceae | 20.61 | 0.66 | 7.80 | 0.31 |
| Punica granatum L. | Punicaceae | 12.15 | 2.64 | 1.15 | 0.64 |
| Ravenala madagascariensis Sonnerat. | Strelitziaceae | 6.87 | 0.40 | 4.33 | 0.14 |
| Ricinus communis L. | Euphorbiaceae | 172.79 | 5.55 | 7.79 | 2.62 |
| Rosa alba L. | Rosaceae | 33.29 | 3.17 | 2.63 | 0.93 |
| Saccharum officinarum L. | Poaceae | 239.37 | 3.70 | 16.18 | 2.82 |
| Sida cordifolia L. | Malvaceae | 15.85 | 0.53 | 7.50 | 0.24 |
| Solanum indicum L. | Solanaceae | 5.28 | 0.79 | 1.67 | 0.21 |
| Solanum melongena L. | Solanaceae | 93.00 | 6.08 | 3.83 | 2.04 |
| Solanum subtrucatum | Solanaceae | 0.53 | 0.13 | 1.00 | 0.03 |
| Solanum torvum Swartz. | Solanaceae | 11.10 | 1.59 | 1.75 | 0.42 |
| Tabernaemontana divaricata G. Don. | Apocynaceae | 63.94 | 7.27 | 2.20 | 2.03 |
| Thuja occidentalis L. | Cupressaceae | 3.17 | 0.66 | 1.20 | 0.16 |
| Urena lobata L. | Malvaceae | 172.79 | 6.47 | 6.67 | 2.81 |
|
| Herb |
| Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench | Malvaceae | 244 | 0.40 | 6.17 | 0.11 |
| Achyranthes aspera L. | Amaranthaceae | 18032 | 26.02 | 6.93 | 7.83 |
| Acorus calamus L. | Araceae | 185 | 0.13 | 14.00 | 0.06 |
| Ageratum conyzoides L. | Asteraceae | 22120 | 37.52 | 5.90 | 10.48 |
| Alocasia odora (Lindl.) Koch. | Araceae | 2583 | 7.46 | 3.46 | 1.71 |
| Alpinia allughas L. | Zingiberaceae | 20 | 0.07 | 3.00 | 0.01 |
| Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC. | Amaranthaceae | 5713 | 10.17 | 5.62 | 2.78 |
| Amaranthusblitum L. var. oleracea Hook. f. | Amaranthaceae | 535 | 0.99 | 5.40 | 0.27 |
| Amaranthus caudatus L. | Amaranthaceae | 145 | 0.73 | 2.00 | 0.14 |
| Amaranthus spinosus L. | Amaranthaceae | 264 | 0.59 | 4.44 | 0.15 |
| Amaranthus viridis L. | Amaranthaceae | 7345 | 9.58 | 7.67 | 3.03 |
| Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl. ex Decne. | Araceae | 304 | 0.79 | 3.83 | 0.19 |
| Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. | Bromeliaceae | 7999 | 9.78 | 8.18 | 3.20 |
| Asparagus racemosus Willd. | Asparagaceae | 26 | 0.13 | 2.00 | 0.03 |
| Atriplex hortensis L. | Chenopodiaceae | 277 | 0.46 | 6.00 | 0.13 |
| Axonopus sp. | Poaceae | 60885 | 34.28 | 17.76 | 18.07 |
| Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell | Scrophulariaceae | 383 | 0.40 | 9.67 | 0.14 |
| Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn. | Cucurbitaceae | 178 | 0.92 | 1.93 | 0.18 |
| Borreria articularis (L. f.) F. N. Will. | Rubiaceae | 18336 | 23.91 | 7.67 | 7.57 |
| Borreria hispida (L.) K. Schum. | Rubiaceae | 2272 | 4.62 | 4.91 | 1.20 |
| Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Cross. var. cuneifolia (Roxb.) Kitam. | Brassicaceae | 2067 | 1.65 | 12.52 | 0.69 |
| Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. | Brassicaceae | 515 | 0.59 | 8.67 | 0.20 |
| Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. | Brassicaceae | 608 | 0.73 | 8.36 | 0.24 |
| Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L. | Brassicaceae | 872 | 1.12 | 7.76 | 0.36 |
| Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam. | Crassulaceae | 1849 | 4.43 | 4.18 | 1.08 |
| Cannabis sativa L. | Cannabaceae | 661 | 1.52 | 4.35 | 0.38 |
| Carex sp. | Cyperaceae | 211 | 0.46 | 4.57 | 0.12 |
| Catharanthus roseus L. | Apocynaceae | 211 | 0.79 | 2.67 | 0.17 |
| Celosia sp. | Amaranthaceae | 159 | 0.53 | 3.00 | 0.12 |
| Centella asiatica (L.) Urban | Apiaceae | 7325 | 13.80 | 5.31 | 3.69 |
| Chenopodium album L. | Chenopodiaceae | 251 | 0.86 | 2.92 | 0.19 |
| Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. | Poaceae | 6532 | 3.76 | 17.35 | 1.95 |
| Cleome viscosa L. | Capparaceae | 192 | 0.79 | 2.42 | 0.16 |
| Clitoria ternatea L. | Papilionaceae | 46 | 0.40 | 1.17 | 0.07 |
| Coccinia cordifolia (L.) Cogn. | Cucurbitaceae | 185 | 0.92 | 2.00 | 0.18 |
| Coleus sp. | Lamiaceae | 159 | 0.33 | 4.80 | 0.08 |
| Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott | Araceae | 13349 | 20.94 | 6.38 | 6.06 |
| Commelina benghalensis L. | Commelinaceae | 4505 | 8.72 | 5.17 | 2.30 |
| Coriandrum sativum L. | Apiaceae | 1572 | 0.59 | 26.44 | 0.42 |
| Costus speciosus (Koen. ex Retz.) Smith | Costaceae | 159 | 0.66 | 2.40 | 0.14 |
| Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) Moore. | Asteraceae | 462 | 1.25 | 3.68 | 0.29 |
| Cucumis sativus L. | Cucurbitaceae | 159 | 0.46 | 3.43 | 0.11 |
| Cucurbita pepo L. | Cucurbitaceae | 297 | 1.32 | 2.25 | 0.27 |
| Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) JF Macbr. | Lythraceae | 1955 | 3.83 | 5.10 | 1.01 |
| Curcuma longa L. | Zingiberaceae | 4914 | 3.43 | 14.31 | 1.56 |
| Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. | Poaceae | 20086 | 19.29 | 10.41 | 7.21 |
| Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Endl. ex Hassk. | Cyperaceae | 3554 | 6.08 | 5.85 | 1.69 |
| Cyperus rotundus L. | Cyperaceae | 14650 | 20.34 | 7.20 | 6.24 |
| Cyperus sp. | Cyperaceae | 6968 | 13.41 | 5.20 | 3.55 |
| Daucus carota L. var. sativa DC. | Apiaceae | 1770 | 0.99 | 17.87 | 0.52 |
| Desmodium elegans DC. | Papilionaceae | 26 | 0.13 | 2.00 | 0.03 |
| Dioscorea alata L. | Dioscoreaceae | 476 | 2.11 | 2.25 | 0.43 |
| Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. | Dioscoreaceae | 40 | 0.26 | 1.50 | 0.05 |
| Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. | Athyriaceae | 1830 | 4.76 | 3.85 | 1.13 |
| Dolichos lablab L. | Papilionaceae | 132 | 0.79 | 1.67 | 0.15 |
| Drymaria cordata (L.) Wild ex Roemer and Schultes | Caryophyllaceae | 7919 | 9.51 | 8.33 | 3.14 |
| Dryopteris sp. | Dryopteridaceae | 12450 | 18.23 | 6.83 | 5.45 |
| Eclipta prostrata L. | Asteraceae | 139 | 0.86 | 1.62 | 0.16 |
| Eryngium foetidum L. | Apiaceae | 489 | 1.06 | 4.63 | 0.27 |
| Houttuynia cordata Thunb. | Saururaceae | 1836 | 1.65 | 11.12 | 0.64 |
| Impatiens balsamina L. | Balsaminaceae | 1440 | 2.51 | 5.74 | 0.69 |
| Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. | Poaceae | 264 | 0.07 | 40.00 | 0.07 |
| Justicia simplex D. Don. | Acanthaceae | 8303 | 16.91 | 4.91 | 4.38 |
| Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl. | Cucurbitaceae | 244 | 1.25 | 1.95 | 0.25 |
| Leucas aspera (Willd.) Spreng. | Lamiaceae | 2715 | 6.74 | 4.03 | 1.62 |
| Longbon* | Rubiaceae | 1030 | 2.44 | 4.22 | 0.60 |
| Luffaacutangula (L.) Roxb. | Cucurbitaceae | 462 | 1.45 | 3.18 | 0.32 |
| Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem. | Cucurbitaceae | 304 | 1.32 | 2.30 | 0.27 |
| Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. | Solanaceae | 601 | 1.65 | 3.64 | 0.38 |
| Mentha viridis L. | Lamiaceae | 416 | 0.53 | 7.88 | 0.17 |
| Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. | Asteraceae | 6559 | 15.92 | 4.12 | 3.86 |
| Momordica charantia L. | Cucurbitaceae | 79 | 0.33 | 2.40 | 0.07 |
| Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd | Cucurbitaceae | 410 | 1.45 | 2.82 | 0.31 |
| Mimosa pudica L. | Mimosaceae | 244 | 0.99 | 2.47 | 0.21 |
| Mirabilis jalapa L. | Nyctaginaceae | 462 | 1.06 | 4.38 | 0.26 |
| Oldenlandia corymbosa L. | Rubiaceae | 4287 | 5.75 | 7.46 | 1.79 |
| Oplismenus sp. | Poaceae | 37457 | 28.93 | 12.95 | 12.34 |
| Oryza sativa L. | Poaceae | 449 | 0.26 | 17.00 | 0.14 |
| Oxalis corniculata L. | Oxalidaceae | 4822 | 7.79 | 6.19 | 2.22 |
| Oxalis debilis H.B.K. var. corymbosa (DC.) Lour. | Oxalidaceae | 5588 | 8.39 | 6.66 | 2.48 |
| Paederia foetida L. | Rubiaceae | 198 | 0.46 | 4.29 | 0.11 |
| Panicum sp. | Poaceae | 38573 | 38.64 | 9.98 | 14.09 |
| Passiflora foetida L. | Passifloraceae | 119 | 0.66 | 1.80 | 0.13 |
| Peperomia pellucida L. | Piperaceae | 5033 | 7.79 | 6.46 | 2.27 |
| Phyllanthus fraternus Webster | Euphorbiaceae | 6420 | 14.73 | 4.36 | 3.64 |
| Piper betle L. | Piperaceae | 4868 | 12.62 | 3.86 | 2.99 |
| Piper nigrum L. | Piperaceae | 1856 | 5.35 | 3.47 | 1.22 |
| Piper sylvaticum Roxb. | Piperaceae | 627 | 0.92 | 6.79 | 0.28 |
| Pollia sp. | Commelinaceae | 165 | 0.33 | 5.00 | 0.09 |
| Polygonum chinense L. | Polygonaceae | 205 | 0.20 | 10.33 | 0.07 |
| Polygonum hydropiper L. | Polygonaceae | 1777 | 1.85 | 9.61 | 0.66 |
| Polygonum microcephalum D. Don | Polygonaceae | 159 | 0.13 | 12.00 | 0.05 |
| Potentilla indica (Andrews) Wolf. | Rosaceae | 403 | 0.79 | 5.08 | 0.21 |
| Pteris sp. | Pteridaceae | 1110 | 2.84 | 3.91 | 0.68 |
| Raphanus sativus L. | Brassicaceae | 1004 | 0.86 | 11.69 | 0.34 |
| Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume. | Orchidaceae | 99 | 0.59 | 1.67 | 0.11 |
| Scoparia dulcis L. | Scrophulariaceae | 1982 | 4.43 | 4.48 | 1.11 |
| Selaginella sp. | Selaginellaceae | 1096 | 0.66 | 16.60 | 0.33 |
| Siral* | Cucurbitaceae | 13 | 0.07 | 2.00 | 0.01 |
| Solanum nigrum L. | Solanaceae | 178 | 0.92 | 1.93 | 0.18 |
| Solanum tuberosum L. | Solanaceae | 1202 | 0.46 | 26.00 | 0.32 |
| Spilanthes paniculata Wall. ex DC. | Asteraceae | 10416 | 16.64 | 6.26 | 4.78 |
| Spinacia oleracea L. | Chenopodiaceae | 852 | 1.25 | 6.79 | 0.37 |
| Tagetes patula L. | Asteraceae | 1466 | 3.76 | 3.89 | 0.89 |
| Vigna sinensis (L.) Savi ex Hassk. | Papilionaceae | 218 | 0.86 | 2.54 | 0.18 |
| Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Zingiberaceae | 1731 | 1.12 | 15.41 | 0.54 |
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