Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-Equatorial F2 Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, and F3 Layer: What We Know about This? A Review
Figure 11
IK-19 satellite topside ionogram (from Karpachev et al. [52]) recorded: (a) at 23:16 UT (15:40 LT) on 25 November 1980 at the MLat −4.9° and longitude 245°E, (b) at 16:04 UT (07:00 LT) on 7 September 1980 at MLat 0.8° and longitude 223.3°E.
