Scientific Review on the Ionospheric Absorption and Research Prospects of a Complex Eikonal Model for One-Layer Ionosphere

Table 1

Total absorption in model layers (reproduced from Davies [1]).

Electron-density profile	Collision profile	Type of absorption	Absorption	Comments
𝑁=𝑁0	𝜈=𝜈0	Nondeviative	𝛽𝑑𝑠=1.2⋅10^−7𝑓^−2𝑁0𝜈0𝑇 (a)	T is slab thickness
Parabolic: 𝑁=𝑁01−ℎ−ℎ02𝐻^2	𝜈=𝜈0	Deviative and nondeviative	𝜈𝛽𝑑𝑠=^0𝐻𝑐1+𝑥^22𝑥ln1+𝑥1−𝑥−1 (b)	c is light speed in vacuum; H is scale height; 𝑥=𝑓/𝑓𝑐, 𝑓𝑐 is critical frequency
𝑁=𝑁0	𝜈=𝜈0exp(−𝑧)	Nondeviative	𝛽𝑑𝑠=1.2⋅10^−7𝑓^−2𝑁0𝜈0𝐻−𝑇1−exp𝐻 (c)	𝑧=ℎ−ℎ0𝐻
Chapman: 𝑁=𝑁0exp[1−sec𝜒exp(−𝑧)]	𝜈=𝜈0exp(−𝑧)	Nondeviative	𝜈𝛽𝑑𝑠=4.13^0𝐻𝑐cos^3/2𝜒𝑥^2 (d)	Double traverse
𝑁=𝑎ℎ−ℎ0	𝜈=𝜈0	Deviative and nondeviative	2𝛽𝑑𝑠=3𝑓^2𝜈0𝑐1𝑎𝑘 (e)	Wave reflected, 𝑘=80.5