Cell Signals Influencing Hepatic Fibrosis

Figure 3

Schematic overview of TLR4 signaling pathways. LPS and other ligands bind TLR4, which transmit the signals through MyD88 to the activation of NF𝜅B and p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). TIRAP bridges TLR4 with MyD88. TRAF is utilized by TLR4/TRAM to activate TBK1/inhibitor of NF𝜅B kinase (IKK)ϵ leading to IRF-3 activation followed by IFN-𝛽 production.