Etiology and Management of Hemorrhagic Complications of Portal Hypertension in Children

Figure 2

Different types of esophageal varices on endoscopic examination.

(a)   Grade 1 esophageal varices without red signs: this low-risk type of varices can be managed conservatively

(b) Grade 3 esophageal varices with red signs: the high rate of bleeding associated could be best managed with prophylactic eradication