Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Patterns and Their Implications for Intervention Strategies in Vietnam

Table 2

Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases risk factors in a studied population of Vietnamese adults stratified by sex and age group.

Major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors	Prevalence in women by age group (%)						Prevalence in men by age group (%)						Prevalence by sex (%)
	25–34	35–44	45–54	55–64	65–74	≥75	25–34	35–44	45–54	55–64	65–74	≥75	Women	Men
Metabolic CVD risk factors
Hypertension	4.4	7.2	25.4	50.4	63.1	63.5	12.4	22.2	31.4	43.9	61.7	66.2	25.0^a	31.2
Diabetes	0.0	4.5	5.4	13.2	12.5	13.7	3.2	4.8	9.8	9.6	12.4	21.4	6.2^a	8.0
Obesity	8.0	11.1	18.6	29.3	27.6	19.1	19.8	11.6	11.6	18.2	16.5	10.8	17.4^b	14.5
Dyslipidaemia	33.4	38.0	56.0	74.7	72.0	66.5	54.8	65.5	63.5	66.9	61.8	63.9	52.4^b	62.8
Behavioural risk factors
Current smoking	2.5	6.0	2.2	4.5	6.4	3.5	56.1	65.4	61.7	58.7	44.5	25.3	3.8^a	58.8
Excessive alcohol intake	1.2	0.6	0.6	1.6	1.7	0.0	27.9	31.6	30.8	22.8	17.8	8.1	0.9^a	27.6
Unhealthy diet	52.8	52.2	52.7	49.3	47.8	62.2	70.3	53.2	57.2	62.0	52.7	66.3	52.0^a	59.4
Physical inactivity	20.4	16.5	19.9	18.2	24.4	27.1	26.1	19.1	19.2	15.6	20.7	32.4	19.3	20.3
Having stress	24.5	26.4	31.5	24.1	24.2	15.2	25.8	28.3	22.0	24.6	11.8	16.0	27.1	23.5
Individual clustering of CVD risk factors
≥2/4 metabolic risk factors	9.8	14.4	26.1	54.5	60.7	51.1	24.9	24.9	30.6	41.7	48.8	57.1	28.1	32.1
≥2/5 behavioural risk factors	26.7	22.5	31.0	24.7	24.9	32.4	64.4	64.5	63.1	60.4	49.9	51.9	27.0^a	62.0
≥4/9 major CVD risk factors	4.8	4.3	15.3	21.6	28.3	23.2	30.4	33.5	35.7	35.1	36.2	42.5	13.0^a	34.4

^a𝑃<0.01; ^b𝑃<0.05 when compared between men and women.