The Rising Burden of Diabetes and Hypertension in Southeast Asian and African Regions: Need for Effective Strategies for Prevention and Control in Primary Health Care Settings

Table 4

Action plans for prevention/control of diabetes and hypertension in different health care settings.

	Detection	Diabetes education	Equipment	Medicines
Primary care	Large scale screening using high risk category approach	Through community workers—training of community workers in screening activities	Basic equipment like Glucometer, BP apparatus	Essential low cost generic drugs to be made available at all PHCs
Secondary care	Confirmation of diagnosis Screening for complications of diabetes and co-morbid conditions	(i) Physicians; (ii) Paramedicals	Ophthalmology; Basic laboratory support	Insulin, oral hypoglycemic drugs, ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, ARBs, statins, aspirin, and other antihypertensive drugs
Tertiary care	Treatment of complications	(i) Diabetologists; (ii) Ophthalmologists; (iii) Nephrologists; (iv) Cardiologists	Advanced equipment; (i) Laser photocoagulation; (ii) Fundus camera; (iii) Cardiac care; (iv) Dialysis unit; (v) Transplantation	All of above and costlier drugs or treatments