Linking Sleep to Hypertension: Greater Risk for Blacks
Table 2
Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis indicating odds ratios (ORs) associated with the presence of hypertension between short and long sleep durations in the selected population. In the model, short sleep was defined as sleep durations <6 hours and in Model B; long sleep was defined as sleep durations >8 hours; reference sleep was 6 to 8 hours.
Variables
Short sleep (<6 hours)
Long sleep (>8 hours)
OR
95% CI
OR
95% C.I.
Lower
Upper
Upper
Lower
Sleep duration (categorized)
0.001
1.21*
1.04
1.41
0.834
1.02
0.88
1.18
Age
<0.001
1.06
1.06
1.06
<0.001
1.06
1.05
1.06
Sex (reference: male)
0.001
0.87
0.87
0.96
<0.001
0.89
0.81
0.97
Race (reference: white)
<0.001
1.68*
1.47
1.91
<0.001
1.74*
1.53
1.97
Income (reference: <$35,000)
0.004
0.90
0.81
0.99
0.10
0.94
0.85
1.03
Education (reference: high school)
0.001
0.83
0.71
0.95
0.12
1.13*
0.99
1.30
Obesity (reference: nonobese)
<0.001
2.38*
2.17
2.61
<0.001
2.45
2.23
2.69
Alcohol (reference: never)
0.34
1.07
0.93
1.22
0.51
1.03
0.91
1.16
Smoking (reference: never)
0.001
1.12*
1.02
1.22
<0.001
1.17*
1.07
1.28
Activity (reference: no physical activity)
0.74
1.02
0.92
1.12
0.93
1.02
0.93
1.13
Emotional Distress (reference: none)
<0.001
1.83*
1.35
2.48
<0.001
1.97*
1.43
2.70
Diabetes (reference: none)
<0.001
3.15*
2.69
3.70
<0.001
3.40*
2.95
3.93
Coronary heart disease (reference: none)
<0.001
2.06*
1.76
2.42
<0.001
2.03*
1.74
2.36
Stroke (reference: none)
<0.001
2.08*
1.58
2.73
<0.001
1.97*
1.48
2.62
Variables contributing significantly to the relationship.
