Blood Pressure Control and Associated Factors among Hypertension Comorbid Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Southeast Ethiopia
Table 5
Factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among hypertension comorbid diabetic patients in Bale Zone public hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020/2021 (n = 378).
Variables
Level of hypertension
COR (95% CI)
AOR (95% CI)
Controlled (%)
Uncontrolled (%)
Age
<50
40 (60.6)
147 (47.1)
1
1
≥50
26 (39.4)
165 (52.9)
1.72 (1.01, 2.97)
1.25 (0.60, 2.60)
Sex
Male
38 (57.6)
173 (55.4)
1
1
Female
28 (42.4)
139 (44.6)
1.09 (0.64, 1.86)
0.82 (0.38, 1.72)
Level of education
No formal education
18 (27.3)
84 (26.9)
1.31 (0.61, 2.81)
1
Primary education
22 (33.3)
103 (33)
1.10 (0.51, 2.41)
2.36 (0.96, 5.79)
Secondary education
17 (25.8)
78 (25)
0.84 (0.38, 1.84)
3.23 (1.18, 8.87)
Tertiary and above
9 (13.6)
47 (15.1)
1
3.82 (0.99, 14.73)
Occupation
Government employee
19 (28.8)
61 (19.6)
1
1
Nongovernment employee
8 (12.1)
16 (5.1)
0.62 (0.231, 1.681)
0.55 (0.18, 1.67)
Farmers
19 (28.8)
106 (34)
1.93 (0.92, 4.03)
1.65 (0.65, 4.17)
Housewife
13 (19.7)
104 (33.3)
2.49 (1.15, 5.39)
2.56 (0.94, 6.9)
Others
7 (10.6)
25 (8)
0.99 (0.42, 2.39)
1.25 (0.38, 4.06)
Currently smoke cigarette
Yes
15 (22.7)
46 (14.7)
0.59 (0.31, 1.13)
1.01 (0.41, 2.52)
No
51 (77.3)
266 (85.3)
1
1
Excess alcohol drinker
Yes
28 (42.4)
94 (30.1)
0.59 (0.34, 1.01)
0.77 (0.35, 1.66)
No
38 (57.6)
218 (69.9)
1
1
Do vigorous physical activity?
Yes
11 (16.7)
32 (10.3)
1
1
No
55 (83.3)
280 (89.7)
1.75 (0.83, 3.68)
0.74 (0.31, 1.76)
Body mass index
18.5–24.99
20 (30.3)
141 (45.2)
1
1
25–29.99
41 (62.1)
146 (46.8)
0.51 (0.28, 0.90)
0.49 (0.211, 0.93)
≥30
5 (7.6)
25 (8)
0.071 (0.24, 2.06)
4.08 (1.24, 13.45)
Time since diabetes diagnosed
<5 years
32 (48.5)
104 (33.3)
1
1
5–10 years
29 (43.9)
140 (44.9)
1.48 (0.85, 2.61)
1.26 (0.66, 2.42)
>10 years
5 (7.6)
68 (21.8)
4.18 (1.55, 11.27)
2.57 (0.80, 8.25)
Time since HTN diagnosed
<5 years
38 (57.6)
115 (36.9)
1
1
5–10 years
25 (37.6)
125 (40.1)
1.65 (0.93, 2.90)
1.47 (0.66, 2.82)
>10 years
3 (4.5)
72 (23)
7.93 (2.36, 26.64)
5.2 (1.27, 21.38)
Adherence to an antihypertensive drug
Nonadherent
48 (12.7)
278 (73.6)
3.06 (1.60, 5.86)
2.45 (1.10, 5.39)
Adherent
18 (4.8)
34 (8.9)
1
1
Comorbidity
No
46 (69.7)
172 (55.1)
1
1
Yes
20 (30.3)
140 (44.9)
1.87 (1.058, 3.312)
1.71 (0.90, 3.26)
value less than 0.05, daily laborers and drivers, COR: crude odds ratio, and AOR: adjusted odds ratio.
