Hemodynamics and Mechanobiology of Aortic Valve Inflammation and Calcification
Figure 4
Inflammatory response of AV leaflets after exposure of the fibrosa to normal (native) and altered (ventricular) shear stress: immunostaining (blue: cell nuclei; green: ICAM-1/VCAM-1/TGF-β1; red: BMP-4); quantitative results ( versus fresh).