Review Article

Hemodynamics and Mechanobiology of Aortic Valve Inflammation and Calcification

Figure 4

Inflammatory response of AV leaflets after exposure of the fibrosa to normal (native) and altered (ventricular) shear stress: immunostaining (blue: cell nuclei; green: ICAM-1/VCAM-1/TGF-β1; red: BMP-4); quantitative results ( versus fresh).
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