Statin Modulation of Human T-Cell Proliferation, IL-1𝛽 and IL-17 Production, and IFN-𝛾 T Cell Expression: Synergy with Conventional Immunosuppressive Agents

Figure 2

(A)–(F). Effect of statins on 𝛼CD3/𝛼CD28-stimulated T-cell proliferation. Each data point represents the mean % T-cell proliferation ± SD. Due to intersample variation, data from each experiment (𝑛≥3) were normalized against the positive control of % proliferated T cells without drug, allowing experiments to be pooled (𝑛≥3). *𝑃<0.05 and **𝑃<0.01 as compared to control. Insert: one representative FACS analysis is shown. (A), Control histogram showing % divided T cells (M1) in the absence of stimulation or statin. (B), % divided T cells after stimulation but no statin. (C), % divided T cells with the addition of atorvastatin (50 μM) as compared to stimulated control. (D), % divided T cells with the addition of atorvastatin (50 μM) and mevalonate (200 μM). (F), Effect of rapamycin and mycophenolate on 𝛼CD3/𝛼CD28-stimulated T-cell proliferation. Each data point represents the mean % change in T-cell proliferation ± SD. Due to intersample variation, data from each experiment (𝑛≥3) were normalized against the positive control of % proliferated T cells without drug, allowing experiments to be pooled (𝑛≥3). *𝑃<0.05 and **𝑃<0.01 as compared to control.