Type of cancer Aspirin Traditional nonaspirin NSAID More selective COX-2 inhibitor Proximal No effect on risk [123 ] Decreased risk in women [124 ] Reduced risk [123 ] No data available (NDA) Distal Decreased risk [123 ] No effect in women [124 ] Reduced risk [123 ] NDA Decreased risk [123 ] No effect in women [124 ] No effect on risk [123 ] NDA Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) Decreased risk for [133 ] Slightly decreased risk for BCC SCC [134 ] Decreased risk for BCC SCC [133 ] Slightly decreased risk for BCC SCC [134 ] Decreased risk for BCC SCC [133 ] Stronger decreased risk for BCC SCC [134 ] Melanoma skin cancer (MSC) Slightly decreased risk [133 ] Slightly decreased risk [133 ] No effect on risk [133 ] Breast ER/PR (+) Highly increased risk by aspirin-only NSAID users [131 ] No effect on risk [127 ] No effect on risk by acetaminophen [131 ] Increased risk [131 ] Decreased risk in HER2+ [127 ] Breast ER/PR (−) Highly increased risk by aspirin-only NSAID users [131 ] Increased risk [132 ] No effect on risk by acetaminophen [131 ] Increased risk [131 ] Decreased risk in HER2+ [127 ] Brain glioma No effect on risk [144 ] No effect on risk [144 ] No effect on risk [144 ] Brain meningioma No effect on risk [144 ] Slightly increased risk [144 ] Slight increased risk [144 ] Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Decreases risk [142 , 143 ] Decreases risk [142 ] Decreases risk [142 ] Intrahepatic cholangiosarcoma (ICC) Decreases risk in men [142 ] No effect on risk in women [142 ] No effect on risk by ibuprofen [142 ] No effect on risk [142 ] No effect on risk [138 ] Increased risk with acetaminophen, even stronger for metastatic type [138 ] Increased risk, even stronger for metastatic type [138 ] Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) Decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) Decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Noncardia gastric carcinoma Decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Slightly decreased risk [135 , 136 ] Cardia gastric carcinoma No effect on risk [135 , 136 ] No effect on risk [135 , 136 ] No effect on risk [135 , 136 ]