Synthesis and Characterization of <svg     style="vertical-align:-7.60866pt;width:263.71249px;" id="M1" height="25.112499" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 263.71249 25.112499" width="263.71249"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,.062,15.575)"><path id="x1D402" d="M657 152l30 -25q-69 -85 -133 -115q-63 -31 -155 -31q-159 0 -255 96q-95 98 -95 246q0 161 97 264q98 104 250 104q69 0 156 -35q26 -10 37.5 -13.5t22 2t14.5 12.5t16 31h27v-235h-25q-24 64 -67 115q-75 90 -167 90q-80 0 -133 -84q-51 -82 -51 -229q0 -155 54 -240
q22 -34 62.5 -55t84.5 -21q65 0 126 34q41 23 104 89z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,16.247,15.575)"><path id="x1D41A" d="M463 54l10 10l15 -21q-52 -57 -112 -57q-37 0 -55.5 15.5t-26.5 53.5q-76 -69 -159 -69q-52 0 -81 27t-29 79q0 67 67 112q48 32 201 76v68q0 49 -18.5 71t-62.5 22q-28 0 -46.5 -10t-18.5 -27q0 -10 11 -23q19 -22 19 -42q0 -26 -19 -43t-49 -17q-31 0 -48 18t-17 50
q0 59 52 92.5t139 33.5q92 0 144 -35t52 -99v-261q0 -28 21 -28q7 0 11 4zM293 97v148q-122 -35 -122 -121q0 -32 14 -49.5t38 -17.5q42 0 70 40z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,27.45,20.95)"><path id="x1D465" d="M536 404q0 -17 -13.5 -31.5t-26.5 -14.5q-8 0 -15 10q-11 14 -25 14q-22 0 -67 -50q-47 -52 -68 -82l37 -102q31 -88 55 -88t78 59l16 -23q-32 -48 -68.5 -78t-65.5 -30q-19 0 -37.5 20t-29.5 53l-41 116q-72 -106 -114.5 -147.5t-79.5 -41.5q-21 0 -34.5 14t-13.5 37
q0 16 13.5 31.5t28.5 15.5q12 0 17 -11q5 -10 25 -10q22 0 57.5 36t89.5 111l-40 108q-22 58 -36 58q-21 0 -67 -57l-19 20q81 107 125 107q17 0 30 -22t39 -88l22 -55q68 92 108.5 128.5t74.5 36.5q20 0 32.5 -14t12.5 -30z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,36.85,15.575)"><path id="x1D412" d="M484 692v-218h-28q-25 83 -70 130q-54 56 -123 56q-51 0 -80.5 -27t-29.5 -72q0 -37 21 -59q23 -25 82 -55q14 -8 68 -36q67 -34 80 -41q50 -28 79.5 -74.5t29.5 -101.5q0 -96 -69 -154q-68 -59 -179 -59q-61 0 -130 24q-30 10 -41 10q-23 0 -30 -34h-29v248h29
q23 -97 60 -143q57 -72 144 -72q58 0 92 30.5t34 82.5q0 47 -57 88q-30 21 -122 65q-91 44 -131 91.5t-40 118.5q0 95 58.5 148t160.5 53q54 0 117 -23q27 -9 42 -9q14 0 20.5 6.5t11.5 26.5h30z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,49.313,15.575)"><path id="x1D42B" d="M28 461h190v-82q35 51 66 72.5t69 21.5q35 0 58 -22.5t23 -56.5q0 -30 -17.5 -49t-45.5 -19q-37 0 -60 38q-14 23 -28 23q-26 0 -43.5 -30t-17.5 -74v-177q0 -48 13.5 -63.5t58.5 -18.5v-24h-265v24q33 6 43.5 17.5t10.5 42.5v289q0 35 -10.5 47t-44.5 17v24z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,59.262,20.95)"><path id="x1D466" d="M556 393q0 -39 -36 -106q-42 -78 -185 -279q-47 -66 -81 -108t-117 -135l-112 -26l-8 22q150 90 251 219q-6 136 -39 340q-8 53 -21 53q-6 0 -27 -19.5t-38 -42.5l-16 26q80 111 127 111q23 0 35 -28t20 -90q18 -137 27 -263h2q142 200 142 279q0 24 -14 48q-4 7 5 26
q13 28 43 28q18 0 30 -15.5t12 -39.5z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,68.975,15.575)"><path id="x1D401" d="M426 365v-1q86 -11 139.5 -59t53.5 -117q0 -84 -72 -136q-71 -52 -202 -52h-329v25q54 6 71 21t17 57v467q0 44 -18.5 60.5t-69.5 20.5v25h317q121 0 186.5 -41.5t65.5 -118.5q0 -60 -38 -97t-121 -54zM264 592v-219q92 0 123 30q33 30 33 106q0 137 -99 137
q-30 0 -43.5 -12.5t-13.5 -41.5zM290 343h-26v-245q0 -36 15 -51t48 -15q58 0 89 40t31 116q0 155 -157 155z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,83.927,15.575)"><use xlink:href="#x1D41A"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,95.138,20.95)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,102.669,20.95)"><path id="x2212" d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,111.88,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D465"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,120.651,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x2212"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,129.862,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D466"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,139.562,15.575)"><path id="x1D405" d="M583 676v-202h-24q-11 59 -22 81q-12 25 -38 48q-45 39 -163 39q-38 0 -54 -11.5t-16 -39.5v-228q75 0 109 32.5t44 116.5h25v-338h-25q-8 88 -41 120q-35 34 -112 35v-228q0 -43 21 -58t89 -18v-25h-360v25q54 6 71 21t17 57v472q0 42 -18 57.5t-70 18.5v25h567z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,153.259,15.575)"><path id="x1D41E" d="M403 126l24 -14q-44 -70 -88.5 -98t-109.5 -28q-90 0 -147 67t-57 171q0 112 57 180q58 69 152 69q83 0 128 -50q53 -59 59 -178h-252q6 -81 25 -128q24 -59 94 -59q32 0 58 15.5t57 52.5zM164 282h134v21q0 73 -9 92q-13 26 -24.5 36.5t-30.5 10.5q-37 0 -53.5 -37
t-16.5 -123z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,163.212,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,170.744,20.95)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,178.276,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x2212"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,187.487,20.95)"><path id="x1D467" d="M475 445l-64 -69q-119 -128 -289 -280q27 6 81 -15q66 -26 102 -26q48 0 111 93l23 -19q-41 -84 -75.5 -116.5t-73.5 -32.5q-37 0 -147 53q-43 21 -63 7q-22 -15 -38 -41q-4 -7 -11 -7q-8 10 -8 26q0 38 47 83l292 273q-32 -5 -67 -1q-63 7 -105 7q-32 0 -53.5 -22
t-47.5 -67l-25 13q15 39 38 78q40 66 83 66q57 0 120 -12q52 -10 80 -10q29 0 67 42z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,195.925,15.575)"><path id="x1D40B" d="M609 227h29l-42 -227h-577v25q56 8 70 20q16 13 16 53v478q0 42 -17.5 57t-68.5 18v25h348v-24q-64 -3 -83 -20q-17 -17 -17 -79v-464q0 -33 18.5 -45.5t66.5 -12.5q109 0 170 55q42 39 87 141z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,210.877,15.575)"><use xlink:href="#x1D41A"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,222.088,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D467"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,230.525,15.575)"><path id="x1D40E" d="M743 335q0 -156 -100 -255q-99 -99 -255 -99q-155 0 -254 99t-99 254q0 159 101 258q100 99 258 99q151 0 250 -101q99 -100 99 -255zM566 328q0 160 -46.5 245t-134.5 85q-83 0 -128 -86t-45 -242q0 -158 46 -237t132 -79t131 80t45 234z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,247.962,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,255.494,20.95)"><path id="x39" d="M244 635q90 0 143 -72t53 -177q0 -133 -65 -229.5t-171 -139.5q-79 -32 -140 -32l-5 30q109 18 185 91t101 186l-68 -36q-29 -16 -60 -16q-79 0 -129 51.5t-50 130.5q0 80 57 146.5t149 66.5zM228 602q-52 0 -78 -45.5t-26 -98.5q0 -69 36.5 -115.5t97.5 -46.5
q53 0 90 28q4 31 4 66q0 51 -9.5 95.5t-39 80.5t-75.5 36z" /></g>

		
	
</svg> by Standard Ceramic Method

<table>XRD pattern for the samples belonging to different composition (sample code).</table>

International Journal of Metals

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: Synthesis and Characterization of <svg     style="vertical-align:-7.60866pt;width:263.71249px;" id="M1" height="25.112499" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 263.71249 25.112499" width="263.71249"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,.062,15.575)"><path id="x1D402" d="M657 152l30 -25q-69 -85 -133 -115q-63 -31 -155 -31q-159 0 -255 96q-95 98 -95 246q0 161 97 264q98 104 250 104q69 0 156 -35q26 -10 37.5 -13.5t22 2t14.5 12.5t16 31h27v-235h-25q-24 64 -67 115q-75 90 -167 90q-80 0 -133 -84q-51 -82 -51 -229q0 -155 54 -240
q22 -34 62.5 -55t84.5 -21q65 0 126 34q41 23 104 89z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,16.247,15.575)"><path id="x1D41A" d="M463 54l10 10l15 -21q-52 -57 -112 -57q-37 0 -55.5 15.5t-26.5 53.5q-76 -69 -159 -69q-52 0 -81 27t-29 79q0 67 67 112q48 32 201 76v68q0 49 -18.5 71t-62.5 22q-28 0 -46.5 -10t-18.5 -27q0 -10 11 -23q19 -22 19 -42q0 -26 -19 -43t-49 -17q-31 0 -48 18t-17 50
q0 59 52 92.5t139 33.5q92 0 144 -35t52 -99v-261q0 -28 21 -28q7 0 11 4zM293 97v148q-122 -35 -122 -121q0 -32 14 -49.5t38 -17.5q42 0 70 40z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,27.45,20.95)"><path id="x1D465" d="M536 404q0 -17 -13.5 -31.5t-26.5 -14.5q-8 0 -15 10q-11 14 -25 14q-22 0 -67 -50q-47 -52 -68 -82l37 -102q31 -88 55 -88t78 59l16 -23q-32 -48 -68.5 -78t-65.5 -30q-19 0 -37.5 20t-29.5 53l-41 116q-72 -106 -114.5 -147.5t-79.5 -41.5q-21 0 -34.5 14t-13.5 37
q0 16 13.5 31.5t28.5 15.5q12 0 17 -11q5 -10 25 -10q22 0 57.5 36t89.5 111l-40 108q-22 58 -36 58q-21 0 -67 -57l-19 20q81 107 125 107q17 0 30 -22t39 -88l22 -55q68 92 108.5 128.5t74.5 36.5q20 0 32.5 -14t12.5 -30z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,36.85,15.575)"><path id="x1D412" d="M484 692v-218h-28q-25 83 -70 130q-54 56 -123 56q-51 0 -80.5 -27t-29.5 -72q0 -37 21 -59q23 -25 82 -55q14 -8 68 -36q67 -34 80 -41q50 -28 79.5 -74.5t29.5 -101.5q0 -96 -69 -154q-68 -59 -179 -59q-61 0 -130 24q-30 10 -41 10q-23 0 -30 -34h-29v248h29
q23 -97 60 -143q57 -72 144 -72q58 0 92 30.5t34 82.5q0 47 -57 88q-30 21 -122 65q-91 44 -131 91.5t-40 118.5q0 95 58.5 148t160.5 53q54 0 117 -23q27 -9 42 -9q14 0 20.5 6.5t11.5 26.5h30z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,49.313,15.575)"><path id="x1D42B" d="M28 461h190v-82q35 51 66 72.5t69 21.5q35 0 58 -22.5t23 -56.5q0 -30 -17.5 -49t-45.5 -19q-37 0 -60 38q-14 23 -28 23q-26 0 -43.5 -30t-17.5 -74v-177q0 -48 13.5 -63.5t58.5 -18.5v-24h-265v24q33 6 43.5 17.5t10.5 42.5v289q0 35 -10.5 47t-44.5 17v24z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,59.262,20.95)"><path id="x1D466" d="M556 393q0 -39 -36 -106q-42 -78 -185 -279q-47 -66 -81 -108t-117 -135l-112 -26l-8 22q150 90 251 219q-6 136 -39 340q-8 53 -21 53q-6 0 -27 -19.5t-38 -42.5l-16 26q80 111 127 111q23 0 35 -28t20 -90q18 -137 27 -263h2q142 200 142 279q0 24 -14 48q-4 7 5 26
q13 28 43 28q18 0 30 -15.5t12 -39.5z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,68.975,15.575)"><path id="x1D401" d="M426 365v-1q86 -11 139.5 -59t53.5 -117q0 -84 -72 -136q-71 -52 -202 -52h-329v25q54 6 71 21t17 57v467q0 44 -18.5 60.5t-69.5 20.5v25h317q121 0 186.5 -41.5t65.5 -118.5q0 -60 -38 -97t-121 -54zM264 592v-219q92 0 123 30q33 30 33 106q0 137 -99 137
q-30 0 -43.5 -12.5t-13.5 -41.5zM290 343h-26v-245q0 -36 15 -51t48 -15q58 0 89 40t31 116q0 155 -157 155z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,83.927,15.575)"><use xlink:href="#x1D41A"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,95.138,20.95)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,102.669,20.95)"><path id="x2212" d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,111.88,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D465"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,120.651,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x2212"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,129.862,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D466"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,139.562,15.575)"><path id="x1D405" d="M583 676v-202h-24q-11 59 -22 81q-12 25 -38 48q-45 39 -163 39q-38 0 -54 -11.5t-16 -39.5v-228q75 0 109 32.5t44 116.5h25v-338h-25q-8 88 -41 120q-35 34 -112 35v-228q0 -43 21 -58t89 -18v-25h-360v25q54 6 71 21t17 57v472q0 42 -18 57.5t-70 18.5v25h567z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,153.259,15.575)"><path id="x1D41E" d="M403 126l24 -14q-44 -70 -88.5 -98t-109.5 -28q-90 0 -147 67t-57 171q0 112 57 180q58 69 152 69q83 0 128 -50q53 -59 59 -178h-252q6 -81 25 -128q24 -59 94 -59q32 0 58 15.5t57 52.5zM164 282h134v21q0 73 -9 92q-13 26 -24.5 36.5t-30.5 10.5q-37 0 -53.5 -37
t-16.5 -123z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,163.212,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,170.744,20.95)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,178.276,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x2212"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,187.487,20.95)"><path id="x1D467" d="M475 445l-64 -69q-119 -128 -289 -280q27 6 81 -15q66 -26 102 -26q48 0 111 93l23 -19q-41 -84 -75.5 -116.5t-73.5 -32.5q-37 0 -147 53q-43 21 -63 7q-22 -15 -38 -41q-4 -7 -11 -7q-8 10 -8 26q0 38 47 83l292 273q-32 -5 -67 -1q-63 7 -105 7q-32 0 -53.5 -22
t-47.5 -67l-25 13q15 39 38 78q40 66 83 66q57 0 120 -12q52 -10 80 -10q29 0 67 42z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,195.925,15.575)"><path id="x1D40B" d="M609 227h29l-42 -227h-577v25q56 8 70 20q16 13 16 53v478q0 42 -17.5 57t-68.5 18v25h348v-24q-64 -3 -83 -20q-17 -17 -17 -79v-464q0 -33 18.5 -45.5t66.5 -12.5q109 0 170 55q42 39 87 141z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,210.877,15.575)"><use xlink:href="#x1D41A"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,222.088,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x1D467"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.022,-0,0,-.022,230.525,15.575)"><path id="x1D40E" d="M743 335q0 -156 -100 -255q-99 -99 -255 -99q-155 0 -254 99t-99 254q0 159 101 258q100 99 258 99q151 0 250 -101q99 -100 99 -255zM566 328q0 160 -46.5 245t-134.5 85q-83 0 -128 -86t-45 -242q0 -158 46 -237t132 -79t131 80t45 234z" /></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,247.962,20.95)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.016,-0,0,-.016,255.494,20.95)"><path id="x39" d="M244 635q90 0 143 -72t53 -177q0 -133 -65 -229.5t-171 -139.5q-79 -32 -140 -32l-5 30q109 18 185 91t101 186l-68 -36q-29 -16 -60 -16q-79 0 -129 51.5t-50 130.5q0 80 57 146.5t149 66.5zM228 602q-52 0 -78 -45.5t-26 -98.5q0 -69 36.5 -115.5t97.5 -46.5
q53 0 90 28q4 31 4 66q0 51 -9.5 95.5t-39 80.5t-75.5 36z" /></g>

		
	
</svg> by Standard Ceramic Method 

International Journal of Metals

Synthesis and Characterization of by Standard Ceramic Method

Figure 1