Antifungal Activity of Selected Indigenous Pseudomonas and Bacillus from the Soybean Rhizosphere

Table 3

Main characteristics of the selected strains.

Characteristic	BNM340	BNM343	BNM297	BNM296	BNM299	BNM345
Siderophores*	nd	nd	+	+	+	+
Chitinolytic^†	4.5 ± 0.7	9.0 ± 1.4	6.8 ± 1.1	2.5 ± 0.7	3.5 ± 0.7	4.0 ± 0.0
Cellulolytic^‡	5.0 ± 1.2	4.2 ± 0.3	0	0	5.8 ± 0.5	5.3 ± 0.5
Proteolytic^§	31.0 ± 1.4	31.5 ± 2.1	31.5 ± 2.1	35.0 ± 5.7	29.5 ± 2.1	35.5 ± 0.7
Volatile comp.^**	nd	nd	0.6 ± 0.2	0.6 ± 0.2	1 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.2
Antibiotics^††	nd	nd	−	+	+	+
Biosurfactant^‡‡	+	++	+/−	+/−	+	−
Auxins^xx	8.4 ± 4.1	11.3 ± 6.0	4.12 ± 0.2	3.4 ± 0.8	1.0 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.3
P solubilization^∗∗∗	−	−	−	+	+	+/−

Results of the first screening tests for characterization of B. amyloliquefaciens BNM340, B. cereus BNM343, Pseudomonas sp. BNM296, and BNM297, B. cepacia BNM299 and BNM345.*+, Siderophore detected after 72 h at 30°C, + orange halos between 1–5 mm.^†Mean halo diameter (mm) and SE of chitin consumption on agar-chitin plates. ^‡Mean halo diameter (mm) and SE of cellulose consumption on microcrystalline cellulose plates. ^§Mean halo diameter (mm) and SE of casein consumption on skim milk plates. ^**Relative growth of Fusarium solani in the presence of isolates but with no physical contact with them. ^†† PCR analysis of different compounds related to antibiosis. ^‡‡hemolytic halo, +/− halo radius between 0–1 mm, + halos between 1–5 mm, ++ halos >5mm on blood-agar plates. ^§§Mean and SD amount of IAA (𝜇g/mL) in the spent culture medium after eight days of incubation of the three independent experiments performed. ^***Solubilization of CaHPO4, +: solubilization halo ≥10 mm, +/− : halo <10 mm, − : no solubilization halo, nd: not determined.