Candida Biofilms and the Host: Models and New Concepts for Eradication

Table 2

Candida biofilms in vivo models.

Models in vivo	Device	Developed in
Catheter-associated models	(i) Central venous system	Rat [8], rabbit [64], mouse [65]
	(ii) Candiduria model	Mouse [66]
	(iii) Subcutaneous foreign body system (biofilms developed after 2 to 6 days in infected implated catheter fragments)	Rat (immunosuppressed before and during biofilm development) [9]
Candida-associated denture stomatitis models	(i) Acrylic denture material attached to the hard palate (biofilms developed between the hard palate and the device)	Rat (immunosuppressed on day of infection) [67]
	(ii) Custom fitted denture system (cast fabrication of a fixed part that is attached to the posterior palate and a removable part fitted to the anterior palate)	Rat [68]
Mucosal model of oropharyngeal candidiasis	Biofilms developed on the tongue after infection by swabbing and drinking water contaminated with Candida cells	Mouse (immunosuppressed on day of infection) [12]
Vaginitis model	In vivo and ex vivo models	Mouse (treated with estradiol prior infection) [69]