Spread of TEM, VIM, SHV, and CTX-M β-Lactamases in Imipenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Egyptian Hospitals

Table 1

Primer name, primer sequences, and expected amplicon size of amplified DNA products.

PCR name	β-lactamase targeted	Primer name	Sequence (5′-3′)	Amplicon size (bp)
VIM	VIM variants including VIM-1 and VIM-2	VIM-for	GATGGTGTTTGGTCGCATA	390
		VIM-rev	CGAATGCGCAGCACCAG
TEM	TEM variants including TEM-1 and TEM-2	TSO-T-for	CATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTC	800
		TSO-T-rev	CGTTCATCCATAGTTGCCTGAC
SHV	SHV variants including SHV-1	TSO-S-for	AGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAAC	713
		TSO-S-rev	ATCCCGCAGATAAATCACCAC
CTX-M group 1	Variants of CTX-M group 1 including CTX-M-1, CTX-M-3, and CTX-M-15	CTXMGp 1-for	TTAGGAARTGTGCCGCTGYA	688
		CTXMGp 1.2 rev	CGATATCGTTGGTGGTRCCAT
CTX-M group 9	Variants of CTX-M-9 including CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-14	CTX-9-F	TCAAGCCTGCCGATCTGGT	561
		CTX-9-R	TGATTCTCGCCGCTGAAG
CTX-M group 8/25	CTX-M-8, CTX-M-25, CTX-M-26, and CTX-M-39 to CTX-M-41	CTX-8/25-F	AACRCRCAGACGCTCTAC	326
		CTX-8/25-R	TCGAGCCGGAASGTGTYAT

Y = T or C; R = A or G; S = G or C.